Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39039478›Full record

ArticleBMC psychiatry2024

Longitudinal measurement invariance and psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-Four in China.

Runtang Meng, Chen Jiang, Joseph M Dzierzewski, Yihong Zhu, Meng Wang, Nongnong Yang, Xiaoxue Liu, Lina Guo, Yufan Ping, Caojie Zhou and 7 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychiatry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Runtang MengSchool of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China. mengruntang@hznu.edu.cn.
Chen JiangSchool of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
Joseph M DzierzewskiNational Sleep Foundation, Washington, DC, USA.
Yihong ZhuSchool of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Meng WangOphthalmology Center, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Nongnong YangSchool of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
Xiaoxue LiuGlobal Health Research Division, Public Health Research Center and Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
Lina GuoDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Yufan PingSchool of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Caojie ZhouSchool of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
Jiale XuSchool of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
Wenjing ZouSchool of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
Xiaowen WangSchool of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
Liping LuSchool of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
Haiyan MaSchool of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
Yi LuoSchool of Nursing, Ningbo College of Health Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Karen SpruytUniversité Paris Cité, NeuroDiderot, INSERM, Paris, France.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDepression and anxiety symptoms among medical students are often a concern. The Patient Health Questionnaire-Four (PHQ-4), an important tool for depression and anxiety screening, is commonly used and easy to administer. This study aimed to assess and update the longitudinal measurement invariance and psychometric properties of the simplified Chinese version.

methodsA three-wave longitudinal survey was conducted among healthcare students using the PHQ-4. Structural validity was based on one-factor, two-factor, and second-order factor models, construct validity was based on the Self-Rated Health Questionnaire (SRHQ), Sleep Quality Questionnaire (SQQ), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and longitudinal measurement invariance (LMI), internal consistency, and test-retest reliability were based on structural consistency across three time points.

resultsThe results of the confirmatory factor analysis indicated that two-factor model was the best fit, and LMI was supported at three time points. Inter-factor, factor-total, and construct validity correlations of the PHQ-4 were acceptable. Additionally, Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, and the intraclass correlation coefficient demonstrated acceptable/moderate to excellent reliability of the PHQ-4.

conclusionsThis study adds new longitudinal evidence that the Chinese version of the PHQ-4 has promising LMI and psychometric properties. Such data lends confidence to the routine and the expanded use of the PHQ-4 for routine screening of depression and anxiety in Chinese healthcare students.

Indexed as

AnxietyDepressionPatient Health QuestionnairePsychometricsAdultChinaFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleReproducibility of ResultsStudents, MedicalSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultConfirmatory factor analysisHealthcare studentsLongitudinal measurement invariancePatient Health Questionnaire-4Psychometric properties

Identifiers

PMID39039478
PMCPMC11265176

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.