ArticlePloS one2024
Association between depression and infertility based on the PHQ-9 score: Analyses of NHANES 2013-2018.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mediating role of sleep disorders in the association between depression and infertility: A cross-sectional study using the National Health and nutrition examination survey.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Article
- Psychological impact of infertility on women in Kathmandu, Nepal: a cross-sectional study of depressive symptoms and associated factors.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Factors influencing the anxiety and depression status in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer assisted pregnancy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Life's crucial 9 is inversely and linearly associated with female infertility prevalence: a cross-sectional analysis from NHANES 2013-2018.Scientific reports · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOver the past decade, nationally representative research elucidating the association between depression and infertility has been notably lacking. Our study aimed to investigate the association between depression and infertility among women of childbearing age.
methodsOur study encompassed 3,654 women aged 18 to 45 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2018. Infertility was defined as a positive response to the query: "Have you attempted to conceive for a minimum of one year without achieving pregnancy?" Depression was evaluated by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) score (range, 0-27). Multiple logistic regression analyses and subgroup analyses stratified by age and race/ethnicity were conducted to investigate the association between depression and infertility. Furthermore, fitted smoothing curves and threshold effect analysis were utilized to depict the nonlinear relationship.
resultsTotal PHQ-9 score was associated with infertility in the fully adjusted model (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.07, P = 0.010), and this relationship exhibited a non-linear pattern, reaching a saturation point at 13, as substantiated by the fitting of smoothed curves. Additionally, the association remained robust when stratified by age but not by race/ethnicity. LIMITATIONS: Cross-sectional design and recall biases.
conclusionsIn this cross-sectional study, depression was associated with infertility among women of childbearing age in the fully adjusted models. This observed association holds potential relevance for clinicians tasked with enhancing psychological well-being during infertility management strategies.
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