ArticleBrain circulation
Safety and efficacy of tirofiban in preventing neurological deterioration in acute ischemic stroke (TREND): Protocol for an investigator-initiated, multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, masked endpoint trial.
Article in Brain circulation. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04491695 (Safety and Efficacy of Tirofiban in Preventing Neurological Deterioration of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Safety and Efficacy of Tirofiban in Preventing Neurological Deterioration of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Understanding Drug Interactions in Antiplatelet Therapy for Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease: A Systematic Review.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- The causal relationship between steroid hormones and risk of stroke: evidence from a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Molecular brain · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of Admission Diabetes History on Safety and Efficacy of Early Tirofiban Infusion after Intravenous Thrombolysis in Ischaemic Stroke: a post-hoc analysis of the ASSET-IT trial.European stroke journal · 2026Trial
- Impact of Prestroke Antiplatelet Therapy on the Efficacy of Intravenous Tirofiban at Preventing Early Neurological Deterioration: A Prespecified Subgroup Analysis of the TREND Trial.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2026Trial
- Safety and Efficacy of Early Aspirin Administration After Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke (TREND-IVT): Rationale and Design of a Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Expression of miRNA-338-3p/miRNA-1250-5p/miRNA-3065-5p clusters in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of ischemic stroke.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Diabetes Mellitus and Risk of Future Stroke: Evidence From CHARLS and Mendelian Randomization Analyses.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAntithrombotic therapy prevents adverse ischemic events following acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Intravenous tirofiban provides desirable antiplatelet effects, especially in patients who are vulnerable to neurological deterioration (ND).
aimThe aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that intravenous administration of tirofiban, initiated within 24 h of ictus and continued for consecutive 72 h, would be more effective than aspirin in reducing the risk of ND within 72 h of enrollment among patients with potentially atherothrombotic ischemic stroke.
methodsThe Safety and Efficacy of Tirofiban in Preventing Neurological Deterioration in Acute Ischemic Stroke (TREND) trial is an investigator-initiated, multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, masked endpoint study. Its eligibility criteria included AIS secondary to potential atherosclerosis, a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ranging from 4 to 20 points, ineligibility for recanalization therapy, and administration within 24 h postsymptom onset. Randomization was performed at a 1:1 ratio to allocate 420 patients into two groups to receive an intravenous tirofiban bridge to oral antiplatelet drugs or direct oral antiplatelet drugs. OUTCOMES: The primary outcome is the proportion of patients with a ≥4-point increase in NIHSS score within 72 h of intervention compared to the score at enrollment. The key secondary outcomes include changes in NIHSS score, modified Rankin scale (mRS) score at 90 days, and dichotomized mRS scores (0-2 vs. 3-6 and 0-1 vs. 2-6) at 90 days. The safety variables are symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, any intracerebral hemorrhage, and systemic hemorrhage within 72 h after randomization and 90-day mortality.
conclusionsThe TREND trial may identify the suitability of intravenous tirofiban as a routine clinical strategy to prevent ND in patients with AIS within 24 h of the onset of symptoms.
trial registrationhttp://www.clinicaltrials.gov (identifier: NCT04491695).
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