ReviewBrain circulation
Unraveling belly dancer's dyskinesia and other puzzling diagnostic contortions: A narrative literature review.
Review in Brain circulation. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Functional MRI in Multiple System Atrophy: A Promising Biomarker for Clinical Applications.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026Review
- Article
- Belly Dancer's Dyskinesia or Functional Movement Disorder: Involuntary Abdominal Movements in a Pediatric Patient.Cureus · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of Spine Correction Belt for Treatment of Diaphragmatic Flutter.Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Role of prefrontal cortex in freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease: mechanisms and neuroimaging evidence.Frontiers in neurologyReview
- Movement disorders associated with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer's dementia: A systematic review.Brain circulationReview
- Rare Abdominal Manifestations in a Patient with Parkinson's Disease after Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus: A Case Report.Case reports in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Belly dancer's dyskinesia (BDD) is characterized by involuntary abdominal wall movements that are rhythmic, repetitive, and dyskinetic. The present study aims to review BDD's etiology, pathophysiology, and management. We searched six databases to locate existing reports on BDD published from 1990 to October 2023 in electronic form. A total of 47 articles containing 59 cases were found. The majority of the patients affected by BDD were female, accounting for 61.01% (36/59) of the cases. The mean and median ages were 49.8 (standard deviation: 21.85) and 52 years (range: 7-85), respectively. The BDD was unilateral in only 3.38% (2/59). The most commonly reported causes associated with BDD were 17 idiopathic, 11 drug-induced, 11 postsurgical procedures, 5 pregnancies, and 4 Vitamin B12 deficiencies. BDD is a diagnosis of exclusion, and other more common pathologies with similar presentation should be ruled out initially. Differential diagnostic reasoning should include diaphragmatic myoclonus, cardiac conditions, truncal dystonia, abdominal motor seizures, propriospinal myoclonus, and functional or psychiatric disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.