Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39034965›Full record

ArticleTobacco induced diseases2024

Prevalence, cessation, and geographical variation of smoking among middle-aged and elderly adults in China: A population-based study.

Qingjia Zeng, Chongyang Zhang, Feiyu Su, Yanli Wan, Wen-Jun Tu, Hongpu Hu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Tobacco induced diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Article
  5. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Qingjia ZengInstitute of Medical Information/Medical Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Chongyang ZhangInstitute of Medical Information/Medical Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Feiyu SuInstitute of Medical Information/Medical Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Yanli WanInstitute of Medical Information/Medical Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Wen-Jun TuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Hongpu HuInstitute of Medical Information/Medical Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionSmoking significantly burdens human health, contributing to an increasing incidence of mortality and morbidity. This study aims to explore the prevalence of smoking, cessation, and the association between various risk factors and smoking intensity measured in pack-years among Chinese adults.

methodsDuring 2020-2021, the China Stroke High-risk Population Screening and Intervention Program (CSHPSIP) invited participants aged ≥40 years from 31 provinces in mainland China. This cross-sectional study presents the standardized prevalence of smoking and cessation across various demographics, including age, sex, residence, income, education level, BMI, and geographical region of residence. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the associations between smoking pack-years and related factors.

resultsAmong 524741 participants (mean age: 61.9 ± 10.9 years; 41.1% male; 58.9% female), standardized smoking prevalence was 19.3% (95% CI: 19.2-19.4), with men (37.2%; 95% CI: 37.0-37.4) displaying significantly higher rates than women (1.3%; 95% CI: 1.2-1.3). Smoking cessation rate stood at 11.2% (95% CI: 11.0-11.4), with 11.3% (95% CI: 11.1-11.5) for men and 8.4% (95% CI: 7.5-9.2) for women. Urban residents and those with advanced education had lower smoking rates and higher cessation rates. Additionally, the dose-response relationship indicated a more pronounced association between higher smoking pack-years and elevated health risks, including hypertension (AOR=1.30; 95% CI: 1.24-1.36), diabetes (AOR=1.26; 95% CI: 1.20-1.33), hyperlipidemia (AOR=1.22; 95% CI: 1.16-1.28), heart disease (AOR=1.40; 95% CI: 1.26-1.54), and stroke (AOR=1.23; 95% CI: 1.10-1.36).

conclusionsThis comprehensive study emphasizes the profound impact of smoking on health in Chinese adults, indicating the critical need for tailored cessation programs, particularly for middle-aged individuals, men, rural residents, and those with lower level of education.

Indexed as

associated factorspopulation-basedprevalencesmokingsmoking cessation

Identifiers

PMID39034965
PMCPMC11259031

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.