ReviewThe British journal of ophthalmology2025
Impact of residual retinal fluid on treatment outcomes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
Review in The British journal of ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- From Subretinal to Intraretinal Fluid in Type 1 Macular Neovascularization: A Clinicopathologic Disease Transition Model.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Machine Learning to Predict Outcomes of Anti-VEGF Therapy in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Discontinuing Anti-VEGF Therapy in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration That Remains Inactive with Treatment at the Maximum Injection Interval.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Real-World Outcomes of Switching to Faricimab in Treatment-Experienced and Resistant Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Single-Centre Retrospective Study.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Efficacy of switching from existing anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs to ranibizumab biosimilar in neovascular age-related macular degeneration.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2025Observational
- Visual outcome following initiation of first injection versus after three monthly doses of aflibercept 2 mg for treatment naïve age-related macular degeneration to inform clinical trial designs: PRECISE Report No. 6.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Updates on novel and traditional OCT and OCTA biomarkers in nAMD.Eye (London, England) · 2025Review
- To Treat or Not to Treat? Resolving the Question of Subretinal and Intraretinal Fluid in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Narrative Review.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Review
- Self-reported visual function and in-depth swept-source optical coherence tomography features of cystoid macular edema in retinitis pigmentosa.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Treatment decisions for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in the setting of individualised treatment regimens are adapted to disease activity. The main marker of disease activity and trigger for re-treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents is the presence of retinal fluid on optical coherence tomography (OCT). Recently, attention has focused on the impact of residual retinal fluid on nAMD management. Based on a literature review and the combined clinical experience of an international group of retinal specialists, this manuscript provides expert guidance on the treatment of nAMD according to fluid status and proposes an algorithm for determining when to administer anti-VEGF treatment according to residual fluid status. We explore the role of residual fluid in treatment decisions and outcomes in nAMD, taking into consideration fluid evaluation and, in particular, distinguishing between fluid in different anatomic compartments and at different stages during the treatment course. Current limitations to identifying and interpreting fluid on OCT, and the assumption that any residual retinal fluid reflects ongoing VEGF activity, are discussed.
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