Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39032477›Full record

ArticlePsychoneuroendocrinology2024

LPS-induced whole-blood cytokine production and depressive symptoms in dementia spousal caregivers: The moderating effect of childhood trauma.

Daniel L Argueta, Kelly N Brice, E Lydia Wu-Chung, Michelle A Chen, Vincent D Lai, Jensine Paoletti-Hatcher, Bryan T Denny, Charles Green, Luis D Medina, Paul Schulz and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Stimulated cytokine production, attachment, and emotional well-being in dementia spousal caregivers.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Daniel L ArguetaDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA. Electronic address: dla2@rice.edu.
Kelly N BriceDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA.
E Lydia Wu-ChungDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA.
Michelle A ChenInstitute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, USA.
Vincent D LaiDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA.
Jensine Paoletti-HatcherDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA.
Bryan T DennyDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA.
Charles GreenMcGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, USA.
Luis D MedinaDepartment of Psychology, University of Houston, USA.
Paul SchulzMcGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, USA.
Jennifer StinsonSection of Psychiatry, Cambridge Health Alliance, USA.
Cobi HeijnenDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, USA.
Christopher P FagundesDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Houston, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, USA; Department of Behavioral Science, MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA.

Funding

Individual differences in dementia spousal caregiver burden: A biobehavioral approach revisionR01AG062690 · NIA · RICE UNIVERSITY · PI FAGUNDES, CHRISTOPHER PAUL · 2019 to 2023
$4.3M
Social and Biological Influences of Sleep in ADRD Spousal CaregiversRF1AG075946 · NIA · RICE UNIVERSITY · PI FAGUNDES, CHRISTOPHER PAUL · 2023 to 2025
$2.6M
Biopsychosocial influences on cognitive function in dementia spousal caregiversF32AG090098 · NIA · RICE UNIVERSITY · PI Kelly N Brice · 2024 to 2026
$242k
Neighborhood-level Structural Racism and Cardiovascular Health Among African American Youth and Young AdultsF32HL164050 · NHLBI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY · PI CHEN, MICHELLE A. · 2022 to 2024
$218k
Employment Status, Psychosocial Functioning, and Chronic Inflammation Among Dementia Spousal CaregiversF32AG079624 · NIA · RICE UNIVERSITY · PI PAOLETTI, JENSINE · 2022 to 2024
$151k
From stress to dementia risk: An examination of psychological, immunological, and neurobiological mechanisms underlying increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias in widow(er)sF31AG074648 · NIA · RICE UNIVERSITY · PI WU-CHUNG, E. LYDIA · 2022 to 2024
$116k
NHLBI NIH HHS F32 HL164050NIA NIH HHS F31 AG074648NIA NIH HHS F32 AG079624NIA NIH HHS F32 AG090098NIA NIH HHS R01 AG062690NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG075946
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dementia spousal caregivers are at risk for adverse mental and physical health outcomes. Caregiver burden, anticipatory grief, and proinflammatory cytokine production may contribute to depressive symptoms among caregivers. People who report childhood trauma are more likely to have exaggerated stress responses that may also contribute to depressive symptoms in adulthood. This study aimed to test whether the relationship between whole-blood cytokine production and depressive symptoms is strongest in caregivers who report high levels of childhood trauma.

methodsA sample of 103 dementia spousal caregivers provided self-report data on demographics, health information, caregiver burden, anticipatory grief, and depressive symptoms. We also determined lipopolysaccharide-induced whole-blood cytokine production as the primary measure of immune cell reactivity. We measured interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) and converted z-scores of each cytokine into a composite panel. We regressed depressive symptoms on proinflammatory cytokine production, caregiver burden, and anticipatory grief, adjusting for demographic and health-related covariates.

resultsWhole-blood cytokine production and childhood trauma were associated with depressive symptoms. Childhood trauma moderated the relationship between whole-blood cytokine production and depressive symptoms. Whole-blood cytokine production was only associated with depressive symptoms at mean and high levels of childhood trauma, but not at low levels of childhood trauma. The main effects of burden and anticipatory grief on depressive symptoms were strongest for caregivers reporting high levels of childhood trauma. DISCUSSION: Childhood trauma has lasting impacts on psychosocial experiences later in life and has effects that may confer susceptibility to inflammation-related depression. Our findings contribute to ongoing efforts to identify risk factors for adverse mental health in dementia spousal caregivers.

Indexed as

CaregiversCytokinesDementiaDepressionSpousesAdverse Childhood ExperiencesAgedAged, 80 and overCaregiver BurdenFemaleGriefHumansInterleukin-10Interleukin-1betaInterleukin-6LipopolysaccharidesCytokinesInterleukin-10Interleukin-1betaInterleukin-6LipopolysaccharidesTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaBurdenCaregiverDepressionInflammationTrauma

Identifiers

PMID39032477
PMCPMC12207288

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.