Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39027298›Full record

ArticleChemical science2024

Destabilized reporters for background-subtracted, chemically-gated, and multiplexed deep-tissue imaging.

Jason Yun, Yimeng Huang, Austin D C Miller, Brandon L Chang, Logan Baldini, Kaamini M Dhanabalan, Eugene Li, Honghao Li, Arnab Mukherjee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Chemical science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. A genetic reporter for visualizing nitroreductase activity using magnetic resonance imaging.Chemistry methods : new approaches to solving problems in chemistry · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. A programmable genetic platform for engineering noninvasive biosensors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jason YunDepartment of Chemistry, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA arnabm@ucsb.edu.
Yimeng HuangDepartment of Chemistry, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA arnabm@ucsb.edu.
Austin D C MillerBiomolecular Science and Engineering Graduate Program, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA.
Brandon L ChangDepartment of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA.
Logan BaldiniDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA.
Kaamini M DhanabalanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA.
Eugene LiDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA.
Honghao LiDepartment of Chemistry, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA arnabm@ucsb.edu.
Arnab MukherjeeDepartment of Chemistry, University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA arnabm@ucsb.edu.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3571-8015

Funding

Metal-free, genetically encoded reporters for calcium recording with MRIR01NS128278 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA · PI Tod Edward Kippin, Arnab Mukherjee · 2023 to 2026
$1.9M
Engineering fluorescence and magnetic resonance reporter genes for imaging biological function in hypoxic cells and in vivoR35GM133530 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA · PI MUKHERJEE, ARNAB · 2019 to 2023
$1.6M
Engineering a calcium reporter gene for magnetic resonance imaging of neural activityR21EB033989 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA · PI MUKHERJEE, ARNAB · 2022 to 2023
$425k
A genetically encoded MRI reporter for noninvasive imaging of activity-dependent gene expression in neuronsR03DA050971 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA · PI MUKHERJEE, ARNAB · 2021 to 2021
$218k
NIBIB NIH HHS R21 EB033989NIDA NIH HHS R03 DA050971NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM133530NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS128278
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tracking gene expression in deep tissues requires genetic reporters that can be unambiguously detected using tissue penetrant techniques. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is uniquely suited for this purpose; however, there is a dearth of reporters that can be reliably linked to gene expression with minimal interference from background tissue signals. Here, we present a conceptually new method for generating background-subtracted, drug-gated, multiplex images of gene expression using MRI. Specifically, we engineered chemically erasable reporters consisting of a water channel, aquaporin-1, fused to destabilizing domains, which are stabilized by binding to cell-permeable small-molecule ligands. We showed that this approach allows for highly specific detection of gene expression through differential imaging. In addition, by engineering destabilized aquaporin-1 variants with orthogonal ligand requirements, it is possible to distinguish distinct subpopulations of cells in mixed cultures. Finally, we demonstrated this approach in a mouse tumor model through differential imaging of gene expression with minimal background.

Identifiers

PMID39027298
PMCPMC11253201

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.