Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39026177›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2024

The COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: space-time approach of cases, deaths, and vaccination coverage (February 2020 - April 2024).

Thaís Zamboni Berra, Yan Mathias Alves, Marcela Antunes Paschoal Popolin, Fernanda Bruzadelli Paulino da Costa, Reginaldo Bazon Vaz Tavares, Ariela Feh Tártaro, Heriederson Sávio Dias Moura, Letícia Perticarrara Ferezin, Monica Chiodi Toscano de Campos, Natacha Martins Ribeiro and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Impact of the pandemic on sexual function: A comparative study between women of reproductive age and postmenopausal women.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026
    Observational
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  9. Burden of respiratory syncytial virus in older adults in Brazil: insights from national surveillance data for the 2022-2023 period.Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Thaís Zamboni BerraUniversity of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 3900, 14040-902, Brazil. thaiszamboni@live.com.
Yan Mathias AlvesUniversity of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 3900, 14040-902, Brazil.
Marcela Antunes Paschoal PopolinFederal University of Tocantins. Palmas - Tocantins, Avenida NS-15, Quadra 109 - Alcno 14, Norte, s/n - bloco D - Plano Diretor Norte, Palmas, 77001-090, Tocantins, Brazil.
Fernanda Bruzadelli Paulino da CostaUniversity of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 3900, 14040-902, Brazil.
Reginaldo Bazon Vaz TavaresUniversity of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 3900, 14040-902, Brazil.
Ariela Feh TártaroUniversity of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 3900, 14040-902, Brazil.
Heriederson Sávio Dias MouraUniversity of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 3900, 14040-902, Brazil.
Letícia Perticarrara FerezinUniversity of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 3900, 14040-902, Brazil.
Monica Chiodi Toscano de CamposUniversity of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 3900, 14040-902, Brazil.
Natacha Martins RibeiroUniversity of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 3900, 14040-902, Brazil.
Titilade Kehinde Ayandeyi TeiboUniversity of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 3900, 14040-902, Brazil.
Rander Junior RosaUniversity of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 3900, 14040-902, Brazil.
Ricardo Alexandre ArcêncioUniversity of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 3900, 14040-902, Brazil.

Funding

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico 307014/2022-3Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior 88887.657730/2021-00Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2021/08263-7Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2022/03964-0
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo assess the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and its macro-regions, considering disease incidence and mortality rates, as well as identifying territories with still rising disease indices and evaluating vaccine coverage and population adherence to COVID-19 immunization.

methodsAn ecological study conducted in Brazil with COVID-19 cases and deaths reported between February 2020 and April 2024, obtained through the Coronavirus Panel. Historical series were constructed from incidence and mortality rates to assess the pandemic's evolution, and temporal trends were estimated using the Seasonal Trend Decomposition using Loess (STL) method. The Spatial Variation in Temporal Trends (SVTT) technique was employed to identify clusters with significant variations in temporal trends. Vaccination was analyzed considering the percentage of vaccinated and unvaccinated population in each municipality of the country.

resultsBrazil recorded a total of 38,795,966 cases and 712,038 deaths from COVID-19 during the study period. Incidence and mortality rates showed three waves of the disease, with a fourth wave of smaller amplitude. Four clusters with significant case growth and two with increased deaths were identified. Vaccine coverage varied among municipalities, with some regions showing low vaccination rates and others with high immunization adherence.

conclusionThe study provided a comprehensive overview of coronavirus behavior in Brazil, and its results highlight the ongoing importance of vaccination and the need to direct efforts and resources to areas of higher risk.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesSARS-CoV-2Vaccination CoverageBrazilHumansIncidencePandemicsSpatio-Temporal AnalysisVaccinationCOVID-19 VaccinesCOVID-19Real World evidenceSpatial analysisTime Series Analysis

Identifiers

PMID39026177
PMCPMC11256571

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.