Association between subchorionic hematoma in the first trimester and outcomes of singleton pregnancies achieved through assisted reproductive technology: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Juan Shi, Lifang Wu, Zhuangzhuang Xu, Xiaohua Lou

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis

In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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0cells of the map it votes in

2citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Leucine as Adjunct Therapy for Persistent First-Trimester Subchorionic Hematomas in Assisted Reproductive Technology Pregnancies.Cureus · 2026
Article
Adverse pregnancy outcomes and risk factors in women with primary Sjögren's syndrome: data from a prospective study.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026
Article

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Juan ShiOutpatient Department, Huzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou City, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-8149-1847

Lifang WuGynaecology Department, Huzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou City, China.

Zhuangzhuang XuObstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Huzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou City, China.

Xiaohua LouOutpatient Department, Huzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou City, China. 413605519@qq.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo evaluate the association between first trimester (≤ 12 weeks gestation) subchorionic hemorrhage (SCH), and maternal and neonatal outcomes in women who conceived with the help of assisted reproductive technique (ART).

methodsPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for observational studies that specifically focused on women who achieved pregnancy via ART and investigated the relationship between early pregnancy (within 12 weeks of gestation) SCH and maternal and neonatal outcomes. Only studies with singleton pregnancies and reporting data on the comparator group (women without SCH) were included. Primary outcomes of interest included incidences of early (within 20 weeks of gestation) pregnancy loss, preterm delivery, caesarean section, and live birth rates. Pooled effect sizes were reported as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

resultsNine studies were included. All studies had a cohort design. In all studies, the primary assisted reproduction technique used was in-vitro fertilization (IVF). Compared to pregnancies without SCH, women with diagnosed early pregnancy SCH have a similar risk of preterm birth (< 37 weeks) (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.83, 1.22), low birth weight (< 2500 g) (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.59, 1.73) and fetal growth restriction (OR 1.57, 95% CI 0.62, 4.02). The gestational age (in weeks) (weighted mean difference (WMD) - 0.06, 95% CI - 0.18, 0.06) and the birth weight (in grams) (WMD - 16.5, 95% CI - 62.9, 29.8) were also similar in the two groups. The odds of early pregnancy loss (OR 1.39, 95% CI 0.97, 2.01), live birth (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.55, 1.08) and caesarean delivery (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.81, 1.16) were statistically similar in both groups. The risk of maternal adverse outcomes such as gestational diabetes (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.74, 1.29), hypertensive disorder (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.63, 1.43), premature rupture of membranes (PROM) (OR 1.36, 95% CI 0.90, 2.05) and placental abruption (OR 2.44, 95% CI 0.57, 10.5) was also similar in both the groups. There was no evidence of publication bias.

conclusionThe findings suggest that SCH may not significantly increase the risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnancies conceived through ART, particularly IVF.

trial registrationPROSPERO registration number CRD42024533996.

Indexed as

HematomaPregnancy OutcomePregnancy Trimester, FirstPremature BirthReproductive Techniques, AssistedAbortion, SpontaneousCesarean SectionFemaleFertilization in VitroHumansInfant, NewbornLive BirthPregnancyPregnancy ComplicationsARTAssisted reproductionIn-vitro fertilizationIVFMaternal outcomesMeta-analysisNeonatal outcomesPerinatal outcomesSCHSubchorionic hemorrhageSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID39026123

DOI10.1007/s10815-024-03181-y

PMCPMC11535082

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.