Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39025284›Full record

ArticleThe journal of pain2024

"It frees your body from that pain thought": A mixed-methods exploration of patterns, contexts, and experiences of cannabis use for pain in rural communities.

Emily Warner, Desiree Azizoddin, Summer G Frank-Pearce, Lance Ford, David Bradley, Amy M Cohn, Michael Businelle, Paul Spicer, Hannah Appleseth, Julia McQuoid

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The journal of pain, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Emily WarnerDepartment of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma; TSET Health Promotion Research Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Desiree AzizoddinTSET Health Promotion Research Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Summer G Frank-PearceTSET Health Promotion Research Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Lance FordTSET Health Promotion Research Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
David BradleyTSET Health Promotion Research Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Amy M CohnTSET Health Promotion Research Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Michael BusinelleTSET Health Promotion Research Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Paul SpicerDepartment of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma.
Hannah ApplesethDepartment of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma; TSET Health Promotion Research Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Julia McQuoidTSET Health Promotion Research Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Electronic address: Julia-mcquoid@ouhsc.edu.

Funding

Tissue Pathology Shared ResourceP30CA225520 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR · PI ROBERT S. MANNEL · 2018 to 2026
$27.1M
Integrating pain-CBT into an mHealth analgesic support intervention for patients withchronic pain from advanced cancersK08CA266937 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR · PI Desiree R Hilton · 2022 to 2026
$1.0M
NCI NIH HHS K08 CA266937NCI NIH HHS L30 CA242493NCI NIH HHS P30 CA225520
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

U.S. adults increasingly report using cannabis to manage chronic pain and rural areas have inadequate comprehensive pain management. Using mixed methods, we aimed to understand how and why some rural adults use cannabis for pain, including within the context of co-use with opioids. Participants (N = 14, Oklahoma) were rural-dwelling adults who used tobacco and ≥1 other substance, including cannabis and opioids, ≥3 days per week. Participants completed 14 days of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) regarding substance use and subsequent in-depth interviews discussing maps of their substance use reports. Half (7/14) described cannabis use for chronic pain, and most of these (85%) reported use on ≥75% of EMA days. The most frequently reported cannabis use motive was therapeutic/medicinal (90% of use reports). Most reports were of combusted cannabis (88% of use reports) at home (99% of use reports). Same-day use of cannabis and opioids was relatively common (45% of daily surveys), but seemingly not within close temporal proximity. Interview narratives characterized cannabis as modifying pain-adjacent factors (eg, thoughts), not eliminating pain itself. They recounted using a repertoire of substances to manage different pain dimensions (eg, intensity, quality) and balance perceived trade-offs of different substances. Participants described high medical cannabis access, low pain specialist access, and most physicians as unwilling to discuss cannabis for pain. The findings suggest that rural-dwelling patients could benefit from increased access to comprehensive pain management, having cannabis addressed within pain management provider discussions, and that risks and benefits of cannabis use for pain must be better established. PERSPECTIVE: This study used a geographically explicit EMA mixed method to gather rich, intensive pilot data on cannabis use and co-use for chronic pain in rural Oklahoma. It provides unique insights to inform future research on cannabis use among a vulnerable and understudied subgroup of adults with pain-rural residents.

Indexed as

Chronic PainRural PopulationAdultAgedAnalgesics, OpioidFemaleHumansMaleMedical MarijuanaMiddle AgedOklahomaPain ManagementYoung AdultAnalgesics, OpioidMedical Marijuanaco-useMarijuanaopioidspainrural

Identifiers

PMID39025284
PMCPMC11486579

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.