Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39024568›Full record

ArticleInteractive journal of medical research2024

Patterns of Skin Picking in Skin Picking Disorder: Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.

Christina Gallinat, Markus Moessner, Maximilian Wilhelm, Nancy Keuthen, Stephanie Bauer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Interactive journal of medical research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Christina GallinatCenter for Psychotherapy Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3976-6471
Markus MoessnerCenter for Psychotherapy Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1215-1055
Maximilian WilhelmCenter for Psychotherapy Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3437-9816
Nancy KeuthenTrichotillomania and Excoriation Disorder Program, Center for OCD and Related Disorders, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-4177
Stephanie BauerCenter for Psychotherapy Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7508-6521

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSkin picking disorder (SPD) is an understudied mental illness that is classified as a body-focused repetitive behavior disorder. Literature suggests that pathological skin picking is strongly integrated into the daily lives of affected individuals and may involve a high degree of variability in terms of episode characteristics, frequency, and intensity. However, existing data on the phenomenology of SPD are limited and typically involve retrospective assessments, which may fail to accurately capture the behavior's variability.

objectiveThis study aimed to investigate skin picking in the daily lives of individuals with SPD by using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). The first aim focused on the description of skin picking patterns (eg, characteristics, intensity, and distribution of episodes and urges), and the second aim explored differences in characteristics and patterns between automatic and focused skin picking.

methodsParticipants were recruited online and underwent a web-based screening, a diagnostic telephone interview, and a comprehensive online self-report questionnaire before participating in an EMA protocol. The latter included 10 consecutive days with 7 pseudorandom, time-contingent assessments per day between 8 AM and 10 PM. The EMA questionnaire assessed the current skin picking urge, the occurrence of the behavior, and a detailed assessment of the episodes' characteristics (eg, length, intensity, and consciousness) if applicable.

resultsThe final sample consisted of 57 participants, who completed at least 70% of the scheduled assessments (n=54, 94.7% female: mean age 29.3, SD 6.77 years). They completed 3758 EMAs and reported 1467 skin picking episodes. Skin picking occurred frequently (mean 2.57, SD 1.12 episodes per day and person) in relatively short episodes (10-30 min; 10 min: n

conclusionsThese results contribute to an enhanced understanding of the phenomenology of SPD using a more rigorous assessment methodology. Our findings underscore that picking can impact affected persons multiple times throughout their daily lives.

trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register DRKS00025168; https://tinyurl.com/mr35pdwh.

Indexed as

assessmentbody-focused repetitive behaviordermatologyecological momentary assessmentEMAmental healthmobile phoneobsessive-compulsive spectrumskinskin picking disorder

Identifiers

PMID39024568
PMCPMC11294777

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.