Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39023742›Full record

ArticleIndian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology2024

Primary caregiver burden and undiagnosed mental health illness in out-patients with inflammatory bowel disease-A multicentric prospective survey from the IBD Emerging Nations' Consortium.

Rupa Banerjee, Partha Pal, Ida Hilmi, Nalini Raghunathan, Masudur Rahman, Julajak Limsrivillai, Lubna Kamani, Uday C Ghoshal, Than Than Aye, Neeraj Joshi and 5 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Inflammatory bowel disease in south Asia: a scoping review.The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Rupa BanerjeeIBD Centre, Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Mindspace Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500 032, India. dr_rupa_banerjee@hotmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-3753-4933
Partha PalIBD Centre, Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Mindspace Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500 032, India.
Ida HilmiUniversity of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Nalini RaghunathanIBD Centre, Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Mindspace Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500 032, India.
Masudur RahmanSheikh Russel National GastroLiver Institute and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Julajak LimsrivillaiMahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Lubna KamaniNational Medical Centre, Karachi, Pakistan.
Uday C GhoshalApollo Institute of Gastrosciences and Liver, Apollo Multispeciality Hospitals, Kolkata, 700 054, India.
Than Than AyeYangon General Hospital University of Medicine, Yangon, Myanmar.
Neeraj JoshiNidan Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Pezhman AlavinejadAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Kiran PeddiYashoda Hospital, Hyderabad, India.
Rajendra PatelIBD Centre, Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Mindspace Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500 032, India.
Shubhankar GodboleIBD Centre, Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Mindspace Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500 032, India.
Duvurru Nageswhar ReddyIBD Centre, Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Mindspace Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500 032, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMental health is an overlooked aspect of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patient care with limited data from the developing world. The primary caregiver burden is expected to be high, but has not been evaluated.

methodsWe conducted a questionnaire-based survey of consecutive out-patients with no diagnosed mental health illness (n = 289) and their primary caregivers (n = 247) from 10 centers across eight countries (Bangladesh, India, Iran, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand) of IBD-Emerging Nations' Consortium (ENC). Patients were assessed for anxiety (PHQ-9), depression (GAD-7), quality of life (SIBDQ, IBDCOPE) and medication adherence (MMAS-8). Caregiver burden was assessed by Zarit-Burden Interview (ZBI), Ferrans and Power Quality of Life (QOL) scores and coping strategies (BRIEF-COPE). Multivariate logistic regression and correlation analyses were performed to identify risk factors and the impact on QOL in patients and caregivers.

resultsModerate to severe depression and anxiety were noted in 33% (severe 3.5%) and 24% (severe 3.8%) patients, respectively. The risk factor for depression was active disease (p < 0.001, OR6.3), while male gender (p = 0.01, OR0.45) and medication adherence (p = 0.003, OR0.75) were protective. Risk factors for anxiety were unmarried status (p = 0.015, OR2.3), female gender (p = 0.004, OR0.41), steroid use (p = 0.016, OR2.1) and active disease (p < 0.001, OR7.97). High GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores positively correlated with high disease activity (r = 0.55, p < 0.001, Crohn's disease; r = 0.52, p < 0.001 ulcerative colitis) and negatively with SIBDQ (r =  - 0.63, p < 0.001; r =  - 0.64, p < 0.001 CD; r = 0.36, p = 0.001,UC). Sixty-five per cent (159/249) primary caregivers reported high burden (ZBI ≥ 21), which positively correlated with low educational status and low-income and negatively with QOL(r =  - 0.33, p < 0.001). The primary adaptive coping strategy among caregivers was religion, while maladaptive strategy was self-distraction.

conclusionNearly two-thirds of primary caregivers reported high burden of care. There was also high prevalence of undiagnosed depression and anxiety in IBD out-patients. This highlights the need for patient-caregiver integrated mental-health services in the developing world.

Indexed as

AnxietyCaregiversDepressionInflammatory Bowel DiseasesQuality of LifeAdaptation, PsychologicalAdultCaregiver BurdenCost of IllnessDrug MonitoringFemaleHumansMaleMedication AdherenceMental HealthMiddle AgedAnxietyCaregiver burdenDepressionInflammatory bowel disease

Identifiers

PMID39023742

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.