ArticleAmerican journal of cardiovascular disease2024
Disparities by sex, race, and region in acute myocardial infarction-related outcomes during the early COVID-19 pandemic: the national inpatient sample analysis.
Article in American journal of cardiovascular disease, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Trends in acute myocardial infarction-related mortality among adults with type 1 vs. type 2 diabetes in the United States, 1999-2020.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
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12 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundDisparities in acute myocardial infarction (AMI)-related outcomes have been reported before the COVID-19 pandemic. We studied in-hospital outcomes of AMI across demographic groups in the United States during the early COVID-19 pandemic.
methodsThe National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was queried for 2020 to identify AMI-related hospitalizations based on appropriate ICD-10-CM codes categorized by sex, race, and hospital region categories. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality in females, racial and ethnic minority groups, and Northeast hospital region compared with males, White patients, and Midwest hospital region, respectively. Multivariable regression analysis was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratio and mean difference.
resultsA total of 820,893 AMI-related hospitalizations were identified during the study period. On adjusted analysis, during the early COVID-19 pandemic, females had lower odds of in-hospital mortality [aOR 0.89 (0.85-0.92); P < 0.01] and revascularization [aOR 0.68 (0.66-0.69); P < 0.01] than males. Racial and ethnic based analysis showed that Asian/Pacific Islander patients had higher odds of in-hospital mortality [aOR 1.13 (1.03-1.25); P < 0.01] than White patients. During the early COVID-19 pandemic, Northeast and Western region hospitals had higher odds of in-hospital mortality, lower odds of revascularization, longer length of stay, and higher total hospitalization costs than Midwest region hospitals.
conclusionsOur study disclosed disparities in AMI-related mortality and revascularization by sex, race and ethnic, and region during the early COVID-19 pandemic. Special attention should be given to at-risk populations. Whether these disparities continue in the post-vaccination era warrants further study.
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