Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39020341›Full record

ArticleNutrition journal2024

Very high high-density lipoprotein cholesterol may be associated with higher risk of cognitive impairment in older adults.

Huifan Huang, Bin Yang, Renhe Yu, Wen Ouyang, Jianbin Tong, Yuan Le

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrition journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Associations of plasma HDL subclasses with incident dementia risk in older adults.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Huifan HuangDepartment of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Bin YangDepartment of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Renhe YuDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Wen OuyangDepartment of Anesthesiology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Jianbin TongDepartment of Anesthesiology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Yuan LeDepartment of Anesthesiology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. leyuanxy@csu.edu.cn.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82271235Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province 2021JJ31008
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrevious studies have shown that high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are positively associated with cognitive function across a range of concentrations. However, recent studies have suggested that very high HDL-C levels may lead to poorer outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between different concentrations of HDL-C and cognitive impairment risk.

methodsWe collected data from 3632 participants aged over 60 years from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2011 and 2014 to assess the relationship between HDL-C and cognitive function. Cognitive function was evaluated with the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) test, the animal fluency test (AFT), and the digit symbol substitution test (DSST). We used restricted cubic spline models and logistic regression to examine the association between HDL-C and cognitive function.

resultsA U-shaped was observed between HDL-C and cognitive outcomes, individuals with higher risk in those with both low and very high HDL-C levels compared with those with midrange values. Very high HDL-C levels (≥ 2.50 mmol/L) were associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment (OR = 2.19; 95% CI, 1.12-4.28) compared with those with HDL-C levels in the range of 1.50 to 1.99 mmol/L in older adults after adjustment for confounding factors. Interaction test demonstrated that relationship between very high HDL-C and the risk of cognitive impairment was not changed in different sex and race group (P for interaction > 0.05).

conclusionsVery high HDL-C levels were associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment. HDL-C may not be a protective factor for maintaining brain health in older adults at very high levels.

Indexed as

Cholesterol, HDLCognitive DysfunctionNutrition SurveysAgedAged, 80 and overCognitionCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsUnited StatesCholesterol, HDLCognitive functionHigh-density lipoprotein cholesterolLipid metabolismNHANESOlder adults

Identifiers

PMID39020341
PMCPMC11253464

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.