Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39018594›Full record

ArticleJournal of hazardous materials2024

Gas and particle emissions from rifle and pistol firing.

Johanna Aurell, Amara L Holder, Brian K Gullett, Tyler D Sowers, Jason Weinstein, Peter Kariher, Kevin McNesby, Yong Ho Kim, M Ian Gilmour

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of hazardous materials, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Johanna AurellUS Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling (E343-04), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Electronic address: aurell.johanna@epa.gov.
Amara L HolderUS Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling (E343-04), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
Brian K GullettUS Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling (E343-04), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
Tyler D SowersUS Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling (E343-04), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
Jason WeinsteinUS Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
Peter KariherUS Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling (E343-04), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
Kevin McNesbyUS Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA.
Yong Ho KimUS Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
M Ian GilmourUS Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.

Funding

Intramural EPA EPA999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Emissions were sampled from firing an M4 carbine rifle and a M9 (military issue of Beretta 75 FS 9 mm pistol) to develop sampling methods and assess potential exposures and range contamination issues. Breech and muzzle emissions were sampled from the rifle when firing M855A1 ammunition (lead (Pb)-free slugs) in single- and triple-shot burst mode and from single pistol shots when firing 9 mm XM1152 ammunition (not Pb-free). Emissions were sampled for carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO

Indexed as

Carbon monoxideEmissionsExposureMetalsParticulate matterPistolRange ventilationRifle

Identifiers

PMID39018594
PMCPMC11459210

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.