Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39018291›Full record

ArticlePloS one2024

The wide spectrum anti-inflammatory activity of andrographolide in comparison to NSAIDs: A promising therapeutic compound against the cytokine storm.

Mitchell Low, Harsha Suresh, Xian Zhou, Deep Jyoti Bhuyan, Muhammad A Alsherbiny, Cheang Khoo, Gerald Münch, Chun Guang Li

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Mitchell LowNICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2021-1924
Harsha SureshNICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-1076-8470
Xian ZhouNICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia.
Deep Jyoti BhuyanNICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia.
Muhammad A AlsherbinyFaculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Cheang KhooWentworth Institute of Higher Education, Surry Hills, Sydney, Australia.
Gerald MünchSchool of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, Australia.
Chun Guang LiNICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic have highlighted an increasing clinical demand for safe and effective treatment options against an overzealous immune defence response, also known as the "cytokine storm". Andrographolide is a naturally derived bioactive compound with promising anti-inflammatory activity in many clinical studies. However, its cytokine-inhibiting activity, in direct comparison to commonly used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), has not been extensively investigated in existing literature. The anti-inflammatory activities of andrographolide and common NSAIDs, such as diclofenac, aspirin, paracetamol and ibuprofen were measured on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ induced RAW264.7 cells. The levels of PGE2, nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α & LPS-induced release of pro-inflammatory cytokines on differentiated human macrophage THP-1 cells were measured against increasing concentrations of andrographolide and aforementioned NSAIDs. The associated mechanistic pathway was examined on NFκB using flow cytometry on the human endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule (ELAM9) (E-selectin) transfected RAW264.7 cells with green fluorescent protein (GFP). Andrographolide exhibited broad and potent anti-inflammatory and cytokine-inhibiting activity in both cell lines by inhibiting the release of IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ, which are known to play a key role in the etiology of cytokine storm and the pathogenesis of inflammation. In comparison, the tested NSAIDs demonstrated weak or no activity against proinflammatory mediators except for PGE2, where the activity of andrographolide (IC50 = 8.8 μM, 95% CI = 7.4 to 10.4 μM) was comparable to that of paracetamol (IC50 = 7.73 μM, 95% CI = 6.14 to 9.73 μM). The anti-inflammatory action of andrographolide was associated with its potent downregulation of NFκB. The wide-spectrum anti-inflammatory activity of andrographolide demonstrates its therapeutic potential against cytokine storms as an alternative to NSAIDs.

Indexed as

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalCytokinesDiterpenesAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsCytokine Release SyndromeDinoprostoneE-SelectinHumansIbuprofenInterferon-gammaLipopolysaccharidesMacrophagesMiceNF-kappa BNitric OxideandrographolideAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalCytokinesDinoprostoneDiterpenesE-SelectinIbuprofenInterferon-gammaLipopolysaccharidesNF-kappa BNitric OxideTumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Identifiers

PMID39018291
PMCPMC11253928

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.