ReviewDermatology and therapy2024
Biologics Versus JAK Inhibitors. Part II: Risk of Infections. A Narrative Review.
Review in Dermatology and therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- [Vaccination of immunocompromised individuals: Expert opinion - update 2026].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Guideline
- Safety of oral JAK inhibitors in treating alopecia areata: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Safety of Icotrokinra Through 1 Year for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis and Psoriasis Affecting High-Impact Sites: Pooled Results Across the ICONIC-LEAD, ICONIC-TOTAL, and ICONIC-ADVANCE 1 and 2 Phase 3 Trials.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Article
- Rare primary bone tuberculosis associated with ruxolitinib therapy: A case report and literature review.Medicine · 2026Review
- Dermatologic Toxicities Induced by JAK Inhibitors.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2026Review
- [Biologics and infections: understand and recognize].Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- PCR-confirmed severe geographic HSV-1 keratitis associated with systemic JAK inhibitor therapy.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2026Article
- Post-translational Modifications in Proteins: Prediction Methods, Biological Functions, and Diseases.MedComm · 2026Review
- From infection to infarction: cytomegalovirus retinitis complicated by retinal ischemia and vitreous hemorrhage in the setting of JAK inhibition - a case report.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of bone and joint infections, 1990-2021: a comprehensive analysis of trends, pathogens, and antimicrobial resistance.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of dupilumab following discontinuation of JAK inhibitors in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a single-center retrospective study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Prescription Pattern and Safety of Biologics in Autoimmune Rheumatologic Diseases in Tertiary Care Hospital of Bihar.Clinical medicine insights. Arthritis and musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Trends in mortality, pathogen distribution, and antimicrobial resistance of peritoneal and intra-abdominal infections from 1990 to 2021: a cross-sectional analysis of the MICROBE database.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2025Article
- Infection risk in atopic dermatitis patients treated with biologics and JAK inhibitors: BioDay results.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2025Article
- From Pathways to Patients in Atopic Dermatitis: Advanced Systemic Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Review
- Anti-Inflammatory Therapies for Atopic Dermatitis: A New Era in Targeted Treatment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Analysis and mining of Dupilumab adverse events based on FAERS database.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Dissecting Cellulitis of the Scalp Successfully Treated with a Combination of Ixekizumab and Tofacitinib.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Therapeutic potential of peptidomimetics of suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins in rheumatic disorders.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe risk of infections associated with biological drugs (BD) and Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) has been extensively explored in the literature. However, there is a dearth of studies that evaluate both pharmacological groups together and, furthermore, compare them. Here, we review the risk of infections associated with BD and JAKi used in dermatology.
methodsA narrative review was performed. All relevant articles evaluating the risk of infection and opportunistic infections with BD and JAKi between January 2010 and February 2024 were selected.
resultsOverall, the incidence of infections, serious infections, and opportunistic infections associated with BD and JAKi is low, but higher than in the general population. JAKi approved for dermatological disorders (abrocitinib, baricitinib, deucravacitinib, upadacitinib, ritlecitinib, and topical ruxolitinib) have been shown to be safe, and present a low rate of infections. We found an elevated risk, especially with anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents, rituximab, and JAKi (particularly tofacitinib at high doses). Specific associations with infections include tuberculosis and tuberculosis reactivation with anti-TNF agents and tocilizumab; candidiasis with anti-interleukin (IL) 17 agents; hepatitis B virus reactivation with rituximab, anti-TNF, and JAKi; and herpes simplex and herpes zoster infections with JAKi (especially tofacitinib and upadacitinib at high doses). The incidence of infections with ustekinumab and anti-IL-23 was very low. Anti-IL-1, nemolizumab, tralokinumab, and omalizumab were not associated with an increased risk of infections. Dupilumab could decrease the incidence of cutaneous infections.
conclusionsAnti-TNF agents, rituximab, and JAKi (particularly tofacitinib) can increase the risk of infections. Close monitoring of patients undergoing these therapies is recommended. Prospective studies with long-term follow-up are needed to comparatively evaluate the risks of infection deriving from treatment with BD and JAKi.
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