ArticleBMJ open2024
Access to and utilisation of antimicrobials among forcibly displaced persons in Uganda, Yemen and Colombia: a pilot cross-sectional survey.
Article in BMJ open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- A rapid scoping review of antibiotic access and use barriers among refugee and migrant populations.Globalization and health · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Refugee Camps and Prisons: A Global Scoping Review of Primary Studies on Burden, Risk Factors, Surveillance, and Mitigation Strategies.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Healthcare access among migrants in Morocco: perspectives of migrant communities, primary healthcare professionals and civil society actors.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Biofilms as potential reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance in vulnerable settings.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Migration: Interrelation Between Two Hot Topics in Global Health.Annals of global health · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesIdentifying key barriers to accessing quality-assured and affordable antimicrobials among forcibly displaced persons in Uganda, Yemen and Colombia and investigating their (1) utilisation patterns of antibiotics, (2) knowledge about antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and (3) perception of the quality of antimicrobials received.
designPilot cross-sectional survey.
settingData were collected from five health facilities in the Kiryandongo refugee settlement (Bweyale, Uganda), three camps for internally displaced persons (IDPs) in the Dar Sad district (Aden, Yemen) and a district with a high population of Venezuelan migrants (Kennedy district, Bogotá, Colombia). Data collection took place between February and May 2021. The three countries were selected due to their high number of displaced people in their respective continents.
participantsSouth Sudanese refugees in Uganda, IDPs in Yemen and Venezuelan migrants in Colombia. OUTCOME MEASURE: The most common barriers to access to quality-assured and affordable antimicrobials.
resultsA total of 136 participants were enrolled in this study. Obtaining antimicrobials through informal pathways, either without a doctor's prescription or through family and friends, was common in Yemen (27/50, 54.0%) and Colombia (34/50, 68.0%). In Yemen and Uganda, respondents used antibiotics to treat (58/86, 67.4%) and prevent (39/86, 45.3%) a cold. Knowledge of AMR was generally low (24/136, 17.6%). Barriers to access included financial constraints in Colombia and Uganda, prescription requirements in Yemen and Colombia, and non-availability of drugs in Uganda and Yemen.
conclusionOur multicentred research identified common barriers to accessing quality antimicrobials among refugees/IDPs/migrants and common use of informal pathways. The results suggest that knowledge gaps about AMR may lead to potential misuse of antimicrobials. Due to the study's small sample size and use of non-probability sampling, the results should be interpreted with caution, and larger-scale assessments on this topic are needed. Future interventions designed for similar humanitarian settings should consider the interlinked barriers identified.
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