Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39012241›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)2024

The prevalence of monotherapy and combination therapy in hypertension in China from 2019 to 2021: A nationwide population-based cross-sectional study.

Xiaoyang Luo, Wei Liu, Ningling Sun, Peili Bo, Yuanyuan Chen, Qinghua Han, Nanfang Li, Xinzheng Lu, Jianjun Mou, Gang Sun and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Xiaoyang LuoCardiovascular Department, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
Wei LiuCardiovascular Department, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China.ORCID 0009-0005-9131-1211
Ningling SunCardiovascular Department, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0378-2813
Peili BoCardiovascular Department, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Yuanyuan ChenCardiovascular Department, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Qinghua HanCardiovascular Department, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Nanfang LiCardiovascular Department, Xinjiang Uigur Municipal People's Hospital, Urumqi, China.
Xinzheng LuCardiovascular Department, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China.
Jianjun MouCardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0335-3528
Gang SunCardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China.
Yuqing ZhangCardiovascular Department, Fu Wai Hospital, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8142-8305

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There are no nationwide surveys on antihypertensive drugs in China. In order to assess the current status of antihypertensive drug therapy in patients with hypertension and analyzed factors that may affect combination therapy, using convenience sampling, we recruited 305,624 patients with hypertension from the Chinese Cardiovascular Association Database-Hypertension Center between January 2019 and December 2021. Chi-squared test was performed to analyze the administered antihypertensive drug types and their combinations in different hospital settings. Logistic regression was used to assess the factors influencing combination therapy. We found around 33.1% of the participants had stage 2 and above hypertension, of which 67.9% were treated with combination therapy. In community or general hospitals, the most common monotherapy was calcium channel blockers (CCB), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor inhibitor (ACEI/ARB) and diuretic were the main single-pill combinations (SPCs), and ACEI/ARB and CCB were the main free combination. From 2019 to 2021, the rates of combination therapy increased (58.8%-64.1%) with SPCs from 25.9% to 31.0% and free combination from 31.9% to 32.6%. Patients aged < 60 years, with stage 2 and above hypertension, with an education level of high school and above, visiting general hospitals, living in the eastern region of China, with hypertension risk factors and comorbidities, and without anxiety or depression were more likely to receive combination therapy (all P < .05). The combination therapy use rate increased yearly and the rate of SPCs rose obviously. Individual, hospital, and regional differences in patients with hypertension influenced combination therapy.

Indexed as

Drug CombinationsDrug Therapy, CombinationHypertensionAdultAgedAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsChinaCross-Sectional StudiesDiureticsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceTreatment OutcomeAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsDiureticsDrug Combinationsfree combinationhypertensionmonotherapysingle‐pill combinations

Identifiers

PMID39012241
PMCPMC11488321

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.