ArticleAndrology2025
Chronic pelvic pain among transgender men and gender diverse adults assigned female at birth.
Article in Andrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- "I don't know how to treat you": Testosterone and gynecological care for transmasculine and gender diverse adults.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- Burden of Lower Urinary Tract and Genital Symptoms in Young Transgender Men: Prevalence and Impact on Daily Life.International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association · 2026Article
- No impact of sex or testosterone treatment on wheel running in a rat model of inflammatory bowel disease.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Rapid systematic literature review of endometriosis in transgender, gender diverse and non-binary individuals: Barriers, treatment, and lived experiences.International journal of transgender health · 2026Review
- Chronic pelvic pain among transgender men and gender diverse adults assigned female at birth.Andrology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere are limited data on pelvic pain among transgender men and gender diverse people, and the impact of testosterone on pelvic pain is poorly understood.
objectiveCharacterize the prevalence and correlates of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) among transgender men and gender diverse people and examine the association between testosterone use and CPP. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe used 2020-2022 data from The Population Research in Identity and Disparities for Equality (PRIDE) Study, an online prospective cohort study of sexual and gender minority adults in the United States, to conduct complementary cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Our primary outcome was self-reported CPP lasting 3 months or longer measured using the Michigan Body Map.
resultsAmong 2579 transgender men and gender diverse people assigned female at birth included in our sample, 457 (18%) reported CPP. CPP correlates included: inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), kidney stones, pelvic inflammatory disease, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), uterine fibroids, current hormonal intrauterine device use, prior pregnancy, vaginal delivery, hysterectomy, and oophorectomy. Individuals with CPP reported a high prevalence of IBS (37%), PCOS (20%), uterine fibroids (9%), post-traumatic stress disorder (51%), and severe depression and anxiety symptoms (42% and 25%, respectively). Current testosterone use was associated with a 21% lower prevalence of CPP (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65-0.96). In longitudinal analyses (N = 79), 15 (19%) participants reported any CPP after initiating testosterone: eight (56%) of whom reported CPP prior to testosterone initiation, and seven (47%) who reported new-onset CPP. DISCUSSION AND
conclusionsThe relationship between CPP and testosterone is complex. Although testosterone use was associated with a lower prevalence of CPP, some transgender and gender diverse individuals experienced new-onset pelvic pain after testosterone initiation. Given the significant impact that CPP can have on mental health and quality of life, future research must examine the role of testosterone in specific underlying etiologies of CPP and identify potential therapies.
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