Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39009936›Full record

ArticleBrazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]2024

Occurrence of ochratoxin A in cocoa beans and bean-to-bar chocolates.

Vitor Hugo Burgon, Adriana Raquel Persson da Silva, Raquel Fernanda Milani, Marta H Taniwaki, Beatriz T Iamanaka, Marcelo Antonio Morgano

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology], 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Vitor Hugo BurgonInstitute of Food Technology, Av. Brasil 2880, Jd. Chapadão, P.O. Box 139, Campinas, SP, 13070-178, Brazil.
Adriana Raquel Persson da SilvaFaculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), R. Monteiro Lobato 80, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil.
Raquel Fernanda MilaniInstitute of Food Technology, Av. Brasil 2880, Jd. Chapadão, P.O. Box 139, Campinas, SP, 13070-178, Brazil.
Marta H TaniwakiInstitute of Food Technology, Av. Brasil 2880, Jd. Chapadão, P.O. Box 139, Campinas, SP, 13070-178, Brazil.
Beatriz T IamanakaInstitute of Food Technology, Av. Brasil 2880, Jd. Chapadão, P.O. Box 139, Campinas, SP, 13070-178, Brazil.
Marcelo Antonio MorganoInstitute of Food Technology, Av. Brasil 2880, Jd. Chapadão, P.O. Box 139, Campinas, SP, 13070-178, Brazil. morgano@ital.sp.gov.br.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8332-3953

Funding

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico 306054/2020-5Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico 407080/2021-0Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Financial code 01Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2020/16170-6Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2022/02658-2
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The growing health consciousness of consumers has led to an increase in the consumption of artisanal chocolates, mainly due to their recognized health benefits. However, processing steps such as fermentation and drying of cocoa beans can favor the growth of ochratoxigenic fungi. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in cocoa beans (purchased from e-commerce and post-harvest processing) and bean-to-bar chocolates sold in Brazil. An HPLC-FLD method was validated, with recovery values between 84 and 97% and limits of detection and quantification of 0.04 and 0.01 µg/kg, respectively. OTA was detected in 30% of the cocoa bean samples studied (n = 43), with values ranging from < 0.04 to 1.18 µg/kg. Regarding the bean-to-bar chocolates (n = 62), the OTA concentrations ranged from < 0.04 to 1.11 µg/kg, with a prevalence in semi-sweet and dark chocolates. Despite representing a growing market, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report OTA concentrations in bean-to-bar chocolates and Brazilian cocoa beans used to produce this type of chocolate.

Indexed as

CacaoChocolateFood ContaminationOchratoxinsBrazilChromatography, High Pressure Liquidochratoxin AOchratoxinsArtisanal chocolateFood safetyHPLC-FLDMycotoxin

Identifiers

PMID39009936
PMCPMC11711976

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.