Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39007992›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of clinical pharmacy2024

Anticholinergic burden and health-related quality of life among adult patients in a resource-limited setting: a cross-sectional study.

Eyob Alemayehu Gebreyohannes, Biniam Siyum Shibe, Wagaye Atalay Taye, Kenneth Lee, Ousman Abubeker Abdela, Emneteab Mesfin Ayele, Eyayaw Ashete Belachew, Segenet Bizuneh Mengistu, Phyo Kyaw Myint, Roy Louis Soiza

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In one paragraph

Article in International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Anticholinergic Medication Burden Scales: A Systematic Review.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Eyob Alemayehu GebreyohannesQuality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. eyob.gebreyohannes@unisa.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0075-4553
Biniam Siyum ShibeDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Wagaye Atalay TayeDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Kenneth LeeSchool of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Ousman Abubeker AbdelaInstitute of Applied Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, The University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
Emneteab Mesfin AyeleDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Eyayaw Ashete BelachewDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Segenet Bizuneh MengistuDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Phyo Kyaw MyintInstitute of Applied Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, The University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
Roy Louis SoizaInstitute of Applied Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, The University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.

Funding

University of Gondar AC/V/P/02/334/2022University of Gondar AC/V/P/02/340/2022
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAnticholinergic medications are now widely acknowledged for their unfavorable risk-to-benefit profile owing to their adverse effects. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is commonly regarded as a crucial person-centered outcome.

aimThis study aimed to investigate the association between anticholinergic burden and HRQoL in hospitalized and ambulatory patients seen in Ethiopia.

methodThis cross-sectional study utilized a questionnaire and medical records to collect data from a convenience sample of adult patients attending both inpatient wards and ambulatory clinic of University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital between April and September 2022. Anticholinergic burden was measured by anticholinergic cognitive burdens scale (ACBS), while HRQoL was measured using EQ5D-index (Euroqol-5 dimensions-5-Levels index) and EQ5D-VAS (visual analogue scale). Linear regression was used to assess the influence of high anticholinergic burden (ACBS score ≥ 3) on EQ5D-index and EQ5D-VAS, with adjustments made for sociodemographic and clinical confounders.

resultsA total of 828 patients participated in this study (median (IQR) age was 45.0 (30, 60) and 55.9% were female). On multiple linear regression analysis, high anticholinergic burden was associated with a statistically significant decline in HRQoL, as evidenced by reductions in both EQ5D index (- 0.174 (- 0.250, - 0.098)) and EQ5D-VAS scores (- 9.4 (- 13.3, - 5.2)).

conclusionA significant association between high anticholinergic burden and diminished HRQoL was found among a relatively younger cohort in a resource-limited setting, even after adjustment for important confounding variables. Clinicians should be cognizant of the cumulative impact of anticholinergic burden on HRQoL outcomes and strive to minimize anticholinergic burden.

Indexed as

Cholinergic AntagonistsQuality of LifeAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesEthiopiaFemaleHospitalizationHumansMaleMiddle AgedResource-Limited SettingsSurveys and QuestionnairesCholinergic AntagonistsAnticholinergicsDrug-related side effects and adverse reactionsHealth-related quality of lifeMedication safety

Identifiers

PMID39007992
PMCPMC11576878

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.