Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39006420›Full record

ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2024

Dispersal history of SARS-CoV-2 variants Alpha, Delta, and Omicron (BA.1) in Spain.

Pilar Gallego-García, Samuel L Hong, Nena Bollen, Simon Dellicour, Guy Baele, Marc A Suchard, Philippe Lemey, David Posada

Abstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Pilar Gallego-GarcíaCINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
Samuel L HongDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Nena BollenDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Simon DellicourDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Guy BaeleDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Marc A SuchardDepartment of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Philippe LemeyDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
David PosadaCINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-1407-3406

Funding

Technology CoreU19AI135995 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI Laura D. Hughes · 2018 to 2026
$32.0M
Fast and flexible Bayesian phylogenetics via modern machine learningR01AI162611 · NIAID · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI MATSEN, FREDERICK ALBERT · 2021 to 2025
$3.8M
Statistical Innovation to Integrate Sequences and Phenotypes for Scalable Phylodynamic InferenceR01AI153044 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Marc A. Suchard · 2021 to 2026
$2.4M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI153044NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI162611NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI135995Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Different factors influence the spread of SARS-CoV-2, from the inherent transmission capabilities of the different variants to the control measurements put in place. Here we studied the introduction of the Alpha, Delta, and Omicron-BA.1 variants of concern (VOCs) into Spain. For this, we collected genomic data from the GISAID database and combined it with connectivity data from different countries with Spain to perform a phylodynamic Bayesian analysis of the introductions. Our findings reveal that the introductions of these VOCs predominantly originated from France, especially in the case of Alpha. As travel restrictions were eased during the Delta and Omicron-BA.1 waves, the number of introductions from distinct countries increased, with the United Kingdom and Germany becoming significant sources of the virus. The largest number of introductions detected corresponded to the Delta wave, which was associated with fewer restrictions and the summer period, when Spain receives a considerable number of tourists. This research underscores the importance of monitoring international travel patterns and implementing targeted public health measures to manage the spread of SARS-CoV-2.

Identifiers

PMID39006420
PMCPMC11245079

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.