Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39003302›Full record

ArticleScientific data2024

Tracing Opioids Across the US: A High-Resolution Pharmaceutical Distribution Dataset.

Ambra Amico, Luca Verginer, Frank Schweitzer

Abstract readDataset
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific data, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ambra AmicoChair of Systems Design, ETH Zurich, Weinbergstrasse 56/58, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland. ambra.amico@smart.mit.edu.ORCID 0009-0007-0024-2199
Luca VerginerChair of Systems Design, ETH Zurich, Weinbergstrasse 56/58, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-2952-6634
Frank SchweitzerChair of Systems Design, ETH Zurich, Weinbergstrasse 56/58, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-1551-6491

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In the field of pharmaceutical supply chains, there is a lack of comprehensive historical data, representing a significant barrier to advancing research. To address this gap, we introduce a high-resolution dataset comprising drug packages distributed to approximately 300,000 pharmacies, hospitals, and practitioners across the US. We reconstruct 375 million distribution paths from ARCOS, a DEA-maintained database comprising half a billion shipping records between 2006 and 2014. While ARCOS tracks dyadic shipments, it does not provide information on the complete journey of single packages from manufacturers to final destinations. Our algorithm is able to reconstruct complete distribution paths from these dyadic records. The reconstructed dataset, with its high temporal and spatial resolution, offers an unprecedented view of US pharmaceutical distribution and is a valuable resource for investigating supply and distribution networks.

Indexed as

Analgesics, OpioidAlgorithmsHumansPharmaciesUnited StatesAnalgesics, Opioid

Identifiers

PMID39003302
PMCPMC11246491

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.