ArticleDiabetologia2024
Ultra-processed food consumption and risk of diabetes: results from a population-based prospective cohort.
Article in Diabetologia, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Ultra-processed food intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a pooled analysis of three prospective cohorts of Korean adults and an updated meta-analysis.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Pooled it
- An XGBoost-based predictive framework for diabetes mellitus multi-classification.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Ultra-processed food consumption during pregnancy and emotional and behavioral problems in offspring.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Are All Ultra-Processed Foods Created Equal? Descriptive Analysis of Nutritional Composition, Nutritional Quality, Energy Density and Hyperpalatability in Relation to Non-Communicable Disease Risk.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Escalating diabetes prevalence in pakistan: a qualitative study of endocrinologists' perspectives on contributing factors, management barriers, and strategies.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Comparison of food processing classification frameworks in the NHANES 2017-2018.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Sofrito and Fruit Consumption Associated with Lower Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in an Urban Latin American Cohort.Nutrients · 2026Article
- FADIS: Fast-food attributed diabetes index study: An ecological State-level exploration of nutritional transitions and diabetes burden in India.The Indian journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Not all ultra-processed foods are created equal: a review.BMJ nutrition, prevention & health · 2026Review
- When ultra-processing obscures sustainable dietary transitions.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Are all ultra-processed foods created equal? Relevance of food processing and nutritional quality.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Ultra-processed foods, biological ageing, and all-cause mortality risk: a prospective cohort study using 172,225 participants from UK Biobank.GeroScience · 2025Article
- Ultra-processed food consumption among adults with prediabetes and diabetes, 2001-2018.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Ultra-processed food consumption and cardiometabolic risk in Canada: a cross-sectional analysis of the Canadian health measures survey.Nutrition & metabolism · 2025Article
- Article
- Food Insecurity Is Common in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Is Associated with Increased Ultra-Processed Food Intake.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Insights in Nutrition to Optimize Type 1 Diabetes Therapy.Nutrients · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisUnderstanding the impact of the overall construct of ultra-processed foods on diabetes risk can inform dietary approaches to diabetes prevention. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between ultra-processed food consumption and risk of diabetes in a community-based cohort of middle-aged adults in the USA. We hypothesised that a higher intake of ultra-processed foods is associated with a higher risk of incident diabetes.
methodsThe study included 13,172 participants without diabetes at baseline (1987-1989) in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Dietary intake was assessed with a 66-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, and foods were categorised by processing level using the Nova classification system. Ultra-processed food was analysed categorically (quartiles of energy-adjusted intake) and continuously (per one additional serving/day). We used Cox regression to evaluate the association of ultra-processed food intake with risk of diabetes with adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, total energy intake, health behaviours and clinical factors.
resultsOver a median follow-up of 21 years, there were 4539 cases of incident diabetes. Participants in the highest quartile of ultra-processed food intake (8.4 servings/day on average) had a significantly higher risk of diabetes (HR 1.13; 95% CI 1.03, 1.23) compared with participants in the lowest quartile of intake after adjustment for sociodemographic, lifestyle and clinical factors. Each additional serving of ultra-processed food consumed daily was associated with a 2% higher risk of diabetes (HR 1.02; 95% CI 1.00, 1.04). Highest quartile consumption of certain ultra-processed food groups, including sugar- and artificially sweetened beverages, ultra-processed meats and sugary snacks, was associated with a 29%, 21% and 16% higher risk of diabetes, respectively, compared with the lowest quartile. CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationWe found that a higher intake of ultra-processed food was associated with higher risk of incident diabetes, particularly sugar- and artificially sweetened beverages, ultra-processed meats and sugary snacks. Our findings suggest interventions reducing ultra-processed food consumption and specific food groups may be an effective strategy for diabetes prevention.
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