Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39000682›Full record

ArticlePolymers2024

Mechanical Characterization and Production of Various Shapes Using Continuous Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Thermoset Resin-Based 3D Printing.

Md Zahirul Islam, Md Atikur Rahman, Luke Gibbon, Eric Hall, Chad A Ulven, John J La Scala

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Md Zahirul IslamMechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, North Dakota State University (NDSU), Dept 2490, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108, USA.
Md Atikur RahmanMechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, North Dakota State University (NDSU), Dept 2490, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2760-1557
Luke GibbonMechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, North Dakota State University (NDSU), Dept 2490, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108, USA.
Eric HallMechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, North Dakota State University (NDSU), Dept 2490, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108, USA.
Chad A UlvenMechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, North Dakota State University (NDSU), Dept 2490, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3187-7617
John J La ScalaCombat Capabilities Development Command Army Research Laboratory, FCDD-RLW-MD, Aberdeen, MD 57401, USA.

Funding

Army Research Laboratory W911-NF-19-2-0138
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Continuous carbon fiber-reinforced (CCFR) thermoset composites have received significant attention due to their excellent mechanical and thermal properties. The implementation of 3D printing introduces cost-effectiveness and design flexibility into their manufacturing processes. The light-assisted 3D printing process shows promise for manufacturing CCFR composites using low-viscosity thermoset resin, which would otherwise be unprintable. Because of the lack of shape-retaining capability, 3D printing of various shapes is challenging with low-viscosity thermoset resin. This study demonstrated an overshoot-associated algorithm for 3D printing various shapes using low-viscosity thermoset resin and continuous carbon fiber. Additionally, 3D-printed unidirectional composites were mechanically characterized. The printed specimen exhibited tensile strength of 390 ± 22 MPa and an interlaminar strength of 38 ± 1.7 MPa, with a fiber volume fraction of 15.7 ± 0.43%. Void analysis revealed that the printed specimen contained 5.5% overall voids. Moreover, the analysis showed the presence of numerous irregular cylindrical-shaped intra-tow voids, which governed the tensile properties. However, the inter-tow voids were small and spherical-shaped, governing the interlaminar shear strength. Therefore, the printed specimens showed exceptional interlaminar shear strength, and the tensile strength had the potential to increase further by improving the impregnation of polymer resin within the fiber.

Indexed as

complex shape printingcontinuous carbon fiber reinforcementlight-assisted 3D printingprint path optimizationthermoset resin

Identifiers

PMID39000682
PMCPMC11243913

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.