ArticlePolymers2024
Preparation of a Highly Flame-Retardant Urea-Formaldehyde Resin and Flame Retardance Mechanism.
Article in Polymers, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fire-Safe Hierarchical Solid Polymer Electrolytes Enabled by Dual-Functional Microcapsules for Lithium Metal Batteries.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Review
- Dual Flame-Retardant and Curing-Agent Effects of Phytic Acid-Guanazole as an Additive in Fire-Protective Coatings for Wood.Polymers · 2025Article
- Polymer Analysis and Characterization.Polymers · 2024Article
- Preparation and Application of a Urea-Formaldehyde-Blended Guanidinium Azole-Phytic Acid-Copper Flame-Retardant Resin Coating.Polymers · 2024Article
- Article
- Eco-Friendly Polymer Nanocomposite Coatings for Next-Generation Fire Retardants for Building Materials.Polymers · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin is the most widely used adhesive resin. However, it is necessary to improve its flame-retardant performance to expand its applications. In this study, exploiting electrostatic interactions, anionic phytic acid and cationic chitosan were combined to form a bio-based intumescent flame-retardant, denoted phytic acid-chitosan polyelectrolyte (PCS). The molecular structure of the urea-formaldehyde resin was optimized by crosslinking with melamine and plasticizing with polyvinyl alcohol-124. Thus, by combining PCS with the urea-formaldehyde resin and with ammonium polyphosphate and ammonium chloride as composite curing agents, flame-retardant urea-formaldehyde resins (FRUFs) were prepared. Compared to traditional UF resin, FRUF showed excellent flame retardancy and not only reached the UL-94 V-0 level, but the limit of oxygen index was also as high as 36%. Compared to those of UF, the total heat release and peak heat release rate of FRUF decreased by 86.44% and 81.13%, respectively. The high flame retardancy of FRUF originates from the combination of oxygen and heat isolation by the dense carbon layer, quenching of phosphorus free radicals, and dilution of oxygen by a non-flammable gas. In addition, the mechanical properties of the FRUF remained good, even after modification. The findings of this study provide a reference for the flame-retardant application of FRUF for applications in multiple fields.
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Registered trials
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