Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39000579›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2024

The Degradation of Botulinum Neurotoxin Light Chains Using PROTACs.

Yien Che Tsai, Loren Kozar, Zo P Mawi, Konstantin Ichtchenko, Charles B Shoemaker, Patrick M McNutt, Allan M Weissman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Botulinum neurotoxin: from molecular pathogenesis to emerging countermeasures.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yien Che TsaiCancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9624-1092
Loren KozarCancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Zo P MawiCancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Konstantin IchtchenkoDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2198-1325
Charles B ShoemakerDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Grafton, MA 01536, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9738-1361
Patrick M McNuttWake Forest Research Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5703-4565
Allan M WeissmanCancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7865-7702

Funding

Novel therapeutic approaches to treatment of botulinum neurotoxin poisoning.R01AI093504 · NIAID · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI Konstantin Ichtchenko · 2011 to 2026
$13.9M
Enzymes and Substrates of the Ubiquitin Conjugating SystemZIABC010292 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI WEISSMAN, ALLAN M · 2009 to 2024
$12.2M
A platform for therapeutic agents that promote rapid recovery from botulismR01AI093467 · NIAID · TUFTS UNIVERSITY BOSTON · PI OYLER, GEORGE A., SHOEMAKER, CHARLES BIX · 2011 to 2015
$4.1M
Novel therapeutic approaches to treatment of botulinum neurotoxin poisoning.U01AI093504 · NIAID · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI ICHTCHENKO, KONSTANTIN · 2019 to 2021
$3.4M
A versatile structure-based therapeutic platform for development of VHH-based antitoxin and antiviral agentsR01AI173059 · NIAID · TUFTS UNIVERSITY BOSTON · PI JIN, RONGSHENG, SHOEMAKER, CHARLES BIX · 2023 to 2025
$3.2M
Molecular mechanisms of botulinum neurotoxin neutralizationR01AI125704 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI JIN, RONGSHENG, SHOEMAKER, CHARLES BIX · 2016 to 2020
$3.0M
Defense Threat Reduction Agency CB11178Intramural NIH HHS ZIA BC010292National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases AI093504National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases AI173059NCI NIH HHS ZIA BC 010292NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI093467NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI093504NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI173059NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI093504
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Botulinum neurotoxins are some of the most potent natural toxins known; they cause flaccid paralysis by inhibiting synaptic vesicle release. Some serotypes, notably serotype A and B, can cause persistent paralysis lasting for several months. Because of their potency and persistence, botulinum neurotoxins are now used to manage several clinical conditions, and there is interest in expanding their clinical applications using engineered toxins with novel substrate specificities. It will also be beneficial to engineer toxins with tunable persistence. We have investigated the potential use of small-molecule proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) to vary the persistence of modified recombinant botulinum neurotoxins. We also describe a complementary approach that has potential relevance for botulism treatment. This second approach uses a camelid heavy chain antibody directed against botulinum neurotoxin that is modified to bind the PROTAC. These strategies provide proof of principle for the use of two different approaches to fine tune the persistence of botulinum neurotoxins by selectively targeting their catalytic light chains for proteasomal degradation.

Indexed as

Botulinum ToxinsProteolysisAnimalsHumansProteasome Endopeptidase ComplexProteolysis Targeting ChimeraBotulinum ToxinsProteasome Endopeptidase ComplexProteolysis Targeting Chimeradeubiquitinating enzymesiatrogenic botulismpersistencePROTACsynthetic toxinstoxin persistenceubiquitin–proteasome system

Identifiers

PMID39000579
PMCPMC11242356

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.