ArticleNature microbiology2024
A dynamic subpopulation of CRISPR-Cas overexpressers allows Streptococcus pyogenes to rapidly respond to phage.
Article in Nature microbiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Phage host range: determinants, dynamics and applications.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Lytic viruses drive the decrease in polyphosphate-accumulating and phosphate-solubilizing potential of microbial communities with increasing reservoir age.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Dynamics of phage-host interactions in Bacteroides fragilis resolved by single-cell transcriptomics.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Abasic CRISPR RNAs inherently harness fidelity of SpCas9 for genome editing.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- Phage Encapsulation and Delivery Technology: A Strategy for Treating Drug-Resistant Pathogenic Microorganisms.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Deep mutational scanning identifies Cas1 and Cas2 variants that enhance type II-A CRISPR-Cas spacer acquisition.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Bacteria exploit viral dormancy to establish CRISPR-Cas immunity.Cell host & microbe · 2025Article
- Combinatorial phenotypic landscape enables bacterial resistance to phage infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Long-term metagenomic insights into the roles of antiviral defense systems in stabilizing activated sludge bacterial communities.The ISME journal · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Many CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein) systems, which provide bacteria with adaptive immunity against phages, are transcriptionally repressed in their native hosts. How CRISPR-Cas expression is induced as needed, for example, during a bacteriophage infection, remains poorly understood. In Streptococcus pyogenes, a non-canonical guide RNA tracr-L directs Cas9 to autorepress its own promoter. Here we describe a dynamic subpopulation of cells harbouring single mutations that disrupt Cas9 binding and cause CRISPR-Cas overexpression. Cas9 actively expands this population by elevating mutation rates at the tracr-L target site. Overexpressers show higher rates of memory formation, stronger potency of old memories and a larger memory storage capacity relative to wild-type cells, which are surprisingly vulnerable to phage infection. However, in the absence of phage, CRISPR-Cas overexpression reduces fitness. We propose that CRISPR-Cas overexpressers are critical players in phage defence, enabling bacterial populations to mount rapid transcriptional responses to phage without requiring transient changes in any one cell.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.