ArticleThe Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
Evaluation of children's antibiotics use for outpatient pneumonia treatment in Vietnam.
Article in The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Appropriateness of paediatric vitamin prescribing in Vietnamese outpatient settings: associated factors.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Article
- Outpatient management of children with chest indrawing pneumonia in primary healthcare settings in Punjab, Pakistan: a prospective cohort study.Journal of global health · 2026Observational
- Explainable machine learning for the early differentiation of pediatric bronchopneumonia using routine laboratory parameters.PloS one · 2026Article
- Characteristics and trends of antibiotic resistance in several gram-negative bacteria responsible for pneumonia in intensive care patients in Northern Vietnam, 2022-2024.IJID regions · 2025Article
- Barriers to Compliance with National Guidelines Among Children Hospitalized with Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Vietnam and the Implications.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Status and implications of the knowledge, attitudes and practices towards AWaRe antibiotic use, resistance and stewardship among low- and middle-income countries.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Review
- Global variation in antibiotic prescribing guidelines and the implications for decreasing AMR in the future.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
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3 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveAntibiotic resistance is increasing globally, associated with many failures in pneumonia treatment. This study aimed to evaluate antibiotic use in children treated for outpatient CAP (Community-Acquired Pneumonia).
methodsA cross-sectional descriptive retrospective study was conducted, focusing on data from outpatient prescriptions for pneumonia in patients aged 2‒192 months in 2019‒2021.
resultsAll antibiotic prescriptions are considered empiric as no documented bacterial and viral tests exist for children with non-severe CAP. Single antibiotic therapy (66%) had a 2-fold higher rate than combination therapy (34%). Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (50.77%) and azithromycin (30.74%) were the most commonly prescribed in both single and combination therapies, thus determining antibiotic cost (80.15%). Besides, azithromycin (97.92%), cefuroxime (86.26%), and cefpodoxime (60.48%) were prescribed with high adherence to dose guidelines, except for amoxicillin (34.57%). These medicines are prescribed highly compliant (>83%) with dosing interval guidelines. Furthermore, significantly more brand-name antibiotics (56.5%) are prescribed than generic antibiotics (43.5%). In particular, antibiotic class, antibiotic origin, and antibiotic therapies showed significant association with rational antibiotic prescriptions for dose and dose interval (p < 0.05).
conclusionsAmoxicillin/clavulanic acid is the most frequently prescribed medicine and the most inappropriate due to non-compliance with dose guidelines for CAP treatment. Generic antibiotic use for single therapy should be encouraged based on rapid and accurate diagnostic testing for viruses and bacteria to reduce antibiotic resistance in developing countries. Moreover, the study result has also shown that therapies and antibiotics (class and origin) exhibited significant association with rational prescriptions for CAP treatment for pediatrics.
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