ArticleBladder cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)2022
Adjuvant Chemotherapy Plus Radiotherapy versus Chemotherapy Alone for Locally Advanced Bladder Cancer after Radical Cystectomy.
Article in Bladder cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Target trial emulation studies in oncology: a comprehensive analysis.The oncologist · 2026Article
- Role of Postoperative Radiation Therapy After Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advances in radiation oncology · 2026Article
- Target trial emulation in oncology: current use and future directions.Military Medical Research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSurvival with locally advanced bladder cancer (LABC) following radical cystectomy (RC) remains poor. Although adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) is standard of care, one small, randomized trial has suggested a potential survival benefit when combined with post-operative radiotherapy (PORT).
objectiveWe examined the association of AC + PORT with overall survival (OS) in patients with LABC after RC.
methodsUsing a prior phase 2 trial to inform design, we conducted observational analyses to emulate a hypothetical target trial of patients aged 18-79 years with pT3-4 Nany M0 or pTany N1-3 M0 urothelial bladder carcinoma following RC who were treated with AC (multiagent chemotherapy within 3 months of RC) with or without PORT (≥45 Gy to the pelvis) from 2006-2015 in the NCDB. Patients who received preoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy were excluded. The associations of treatment with OS were evaluated using multivariable Cox regression.
results1,684 patients were included, with 66 receiving AC + PORT and 1,618 AC alone. Compared to patients treated with AC alone, those treated with AC + PORT were more likely to have pT4 disease (52% vs 26%;
conclusionsAlthough infrequently utilized, the addition of radiotherapy to AC is not associated with improved OS in LABC. These results highlight the need for prospective trials to better define the potential benefits from PORT with regard to symptomatic progression and oncologic outcomes.
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