ArticleBladder cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)2021
Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Intravesical Chitosan/Interleukin-12 Immunotherapy in Murine Bladders.
Article in Bladder cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cytokine delivery and targeting strategies in pet dogs with cancer: a comparative immuno-oncology approach.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting IL-12 for pancreatic cancer immunotherapy: advances in delivery strategies and clinical translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Focal Cryo-Immunotherapy with Intratumoral IL-12 Prevents Recurrence of Large Murine Tumors.Cancers · 2023Article
- Intranasal Delivery of Thermostable Subunit Vaccine for Cross-Reactive Mucosal and Systemic Antibody Responses Against SARS-CoV-2.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIntravesical administration of interleukin 12 (IL-12) co-formulated with the biopolymer, chitosan (CS/IL-12), has demonstrated remarkable antitumor activity against preclinical models of bladder cancer. However, given historical concerns regarding severe toxicities associated with systemic IL-12 administration in clinical trials, it is important to evaluate the safety of intravesical CS/IL-12 prior to clinical translation.
objectiveTo evaluate the pharmacokinetics as well as the local and systemic toxicities of intravesical CS/IL-12 immunotherapy in laboratory mice.
methodsLocal inflammatory responses in mouse bladders treated with intravesical IL-12 or CS/IL-12 were assessed via histopathology. Serum cytokine levels following intravesical and subcutaneous (s.c.) administrations of IL-12 or CS/IL-12 in laboratory mice were compared. Systemic toxicities were evaluated via body weight and liver enzyme levels.
resultsIntravesical IL-12 and CS/IL-12 treatments did not induce significant local or systemic toxicity. IL-12 dissemination and exposure from intravesical administration was significantly lower compared to s.c. injections. Weekly intravesical CS/IL-12 treatments were well-tolerated and did not result in blunted immune responses.
conclusionsIntravesical CS/IL-12 is safe and well-tolerated in mice. In particular, the lack of cystitis and acute inflammation justifies continued investigation of intravesical CS/IL-12 immunotherapy in larger animals and patients with bladder cancer.
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