ArticleBladder cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)2022
Association between Smoking and Overall and Specific Mortality in Patients with Bladder Cancer: A Population-based Study.
Article in Bladder cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Diagnostic and Prognostic Implications of FGFR3, TP53 Mutation and Urinary Biomarkers in Urothelial Carcinoma in Pakistani Cohort.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe role of smoking in the prognosis of bladder cancer may significantly impact clinical management. It is also a considerable burden to Taiwan's economy and health of its citizens.
objectiveTo search Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database to determine whether smoking affected overall and cancer-specific mortality of patients with bladder cancer.
methodsWe collected data on basic information, tumor stage, and comorbidities. Each smoking case was propensity score-matched by age, sex, and diagnosis year to one control individual among bladder cancer patients. The study comprised a never-smoke and an ever-smoke group, with each group including 4,728 patients after matching. We evaluated the association between smoking and mortalities in patients with bladder cancer. Cox proportional regression modeling was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of overall and cancer-specific mortality rates. Stratified analysis was also performed to estimate risk ratios of overall and cancer-specific mortalities in bladder cancer patients with and without a history of smoking history among different subgroups.
resultsThe overall and specific mortality ratio of patients who were ever smokers were 1.15-fold and 1.16-fold, respectively, compared with those of never smokers (overall: 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-1.26,
conclusionsOverall and specific mortality rates were significantly higher in the ever-smoke group than in the never-smoke group. The ever-smoke group with male sex, CCI≥3, DM, and NMIBC had increased risks for overall and specific mortality.
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