ReviewNutrition & metabolism2024
Dietary patterns and hepatocellular carcinoma risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies.
Review in Nutrition & metabolism, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma: an umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with reduced risk of head and neck, gastric, and liver cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Extra Virgin Olive Oil: Molecular Mechanisms, Bioavailability Challenges, and Therapeutic Perspectives.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma.Hepatology communications · 2025Review
- Association between metabolites and hepatocellular carcinoma: findings from a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Journal of liver cancer · 2025Article
- The Estimated Intake of S100B Relates to Microbiota Biodiversity in Different Diets.Biomolecules · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGlobally, HCC presents a significant health burden, characterized by high incidence and mortality rates. Epidemiological studies have increasingly suggested a link between dietary patterns and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet consensus on this relationship remains elusive.
objectiveThis study aims to synthesize existing literature and provide a comprehensive analysis of the association between dietary patterns and HCC risk through meta-analytical methods.
methodsA systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases was conducted to identify studies examining common dietary patterns in relation to HCC, published up to August 2023. Study quality was rigorously evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We employed a random effects model to synthesize effect sizes, calculating hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
resultsWe identified 13 papers, of these 10 investigating a priori dietary patterns(index-based dietary patterns) and 3 focusing on a posterior dietary patterns (data-driven dietary patterns). Analysis of a priori dietary patterns revealed that higher scores in the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) & alternative HEI (HR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.54-0.85), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) (HR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.66-0.91), and the Mediterranean diet (HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.56-0.75) were associated with a reduced risk of HCC. Conversely, pro-inflammatory dietary patterns were linked with an increased risk (HR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.58-3.09). In a posterior dietary patterns, a vegetable-based diet was negatively correlated with HCC risk (HR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.49-0.81).
conclusionThis meta-analysis underscores a significant association between dietary patterns and the risk of HCC. Adherence to healthy dietary patterns characterized by high in vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and low in red and processed meats may confer a protective effect against HCC, whereas inflammatory diets appear to elevate risk.
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