Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38992285›Full record

ReviewCognitive research: principles and implications2024

Does using artificial intelligence assistance accelerate skill decay and hinder skill development without performers' awareness?

Brooke N Macnamara, Ibrahim Berber, M Cenk Çavuşoğlu, Elizabeth A Krupinski, Naren Nallapareddy, Noelle E Nelson, Philip J Smith, Amy L Wilson-Delfosse, Soumya Ray

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cognitive research: principles and implications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Strengths and Potential Pitfalls of the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Psychiatric Education and Practice.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2026
    Article
  4. GenAI and clinical decision making in general practice.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Brooke N MacnamaraCase Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. bmacnama@purdue.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-1056-4996
Ibrahim BerberCase Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
M Cenk ÇavuşoğluCase Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Elizabeth A KrupinskiEmory University, 1364 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Naren NallapareddyCase Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Noelle E NelsonCase Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Philip J SmithThe Ohio State University, 1971 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Amy L Wilson-DelfosseCase Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Soumya RayCase Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.

Funding

National Science Foundation SES-2129072
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Artificial intelligence in the workplace is becoming increasingly common. These tools are sometimes used to aid users in performing their task, for example, when an artificial intelligence tool assists a radiologist in their search for abnormalities in radiographic images. The use of artificial intelligence brings a wealth of benefits, such as increasing the efficiency and efficacy of performance. However, little research has been conducted to determine how the use of artificial intelligence assistants might affect the user's cognitive skills. In this theoretical perspective, we discuss how artificial intelligence assistants might accelerate skill decay among experts and hinder skill acquisition among learners. Further, we discuss how AI assistants might also prevent experts and learners from recognizing these deleterious effects. We then discuss the types of questions: use-inspired basic cognitive researchers, applied researchers, and computer science researchers should seek to answer. We conclude that multidisciplinary research from use-inspired basic cognitive research, domain-specific applied research, and technical research (e.g., human factors research, computer science research) is needed to (a) understand these potential consequences, (b) design artificial intelligence systems to mitigate these impacts, and (c) develop training and use protocols to prevent negative impacts on users' cognitive skills. Only by answering these questions from multidisciplinary perspectives can we harness the benefits of artificial intelligence in the workplace while preventing negative impacts on users' cognitive skills.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceAwarenessHumansLearningArtificial intelligenceExpertiseSkill acquisitionSkill decay

Identifiers

PMID38992285
PMCPMC11239631

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.