ArticlePloS one2024
Prevalence and risk factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Iran: A cross-sectional analysis from the PERSIAN cohort.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association between body mass index at different levels and risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review with dose-response meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Pooled it
- Perceived stress, diet, and medication use associated with GERD symptoms in Lebanese adults: A cross-sectional study.Journal of public health research · 2026Article
- Endoscopic assessment of the gastroesophageal junction for predicting gastroesophageal reflux disease.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Gene-Diet interaction between FTO rs9939609 and fiber intake in relation to GERD susceptibility.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Associations between socio-demographic factors, social functioning, and sleep quality among GERD patients in Syria: a cross-sectional study.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Empowering Pharmacists in Heartburn Management: Practical Insights for OTC Treatment and Self-Care.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and DMFT index in the PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
25 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThis study assessed the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in a general adult population in Iran. The association between GERD and various factors was also evaluated.
methodsWe performed a cross-sectional study on 163,018 individuals aged over 35 who were enrolled in the PERSIAN cohort. GERD was defined as the occurrence of heartburn and/or regurgitation symptoms at least several days a month. Survey design analysis for pooled data was performed and multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine the independent risk factors for GERD.
resultsThe prevalence of GERD in our study was estimated at 21.86% (95% confidence interval:17.4%-36.4%). The mean age of the participants was 49.84 years±9.25 (35-70) and 44.75% of the participants were male. Symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation were reported in 18.65% (n: 29,170) and 6.06% (n: 9,717) of participants, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, several factors were found to be associated with a higher prevalence of GERD: female sex, age >50, current smoking, opium use, weekly consumption of fried foods, frequent consumption of hot tea, less than 6 hours of sleep per night, psychiatric disorders, usage of NSAIDs, and poor oral hygiene, were associated with a higher prevalence of GERD. Conversely, higher education levels and average physical activity were found to be less commonly associated with GERD.
conclusionWe found a relatively high prevalence of GERD (21.86%) in this population-based study in Iran. By identifying modifiable risk factors, this research offers opportunities for targeted interventions and lifestyle modifications to reduce the burden of GERD.
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