ArticleUnited European gastroenterology journal2024
Evolution of liver function during immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in United European gastroenterology journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- [Chinese expert consensus on the use of standardized second-line drugs for primary hepatocellular carcinoma].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2026Article
- Discontinuing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Based Therapy After Complete Response in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Evidence, Bias, and a Research Framework.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2026Review
- Impact of TACE combined with targeted and immune therapy on liver function and prognosis in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma patients: the significance of baseline albumin-bilirubin grade.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2026Article
- Evolution of liver function during immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma.United European gastroenterology journal · 2024Article
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12 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsDeterioration of liver function is a leading cause of death in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We evaluated the impact of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-treatment on liver function and outcomes.
methodHCC patients receiving ICIs or sorafenib between 04/2003 and 05/2024 were included. Liver function (assessed by Child-Pugh score [CPS]) was evaluated at the start of ICI-treatment (baseline, BL) and 3 and 6 months thereafter. A ≥1 point change in CPS was defined as deterioration (-) or improvement (+), while equal CPS points were defined as stable (=).
resultsOverall, 182 ICI-treated patients (66.8 ± 11.8 years; cirrhosis: n = 134, 74%) were included. At BL, median CPS was 5 (IQR: 5-6; CPS-A: 147, 81%). After 3 months, liver function improved/stabilized in 102 (56%) and deteriorated in 61 (34%) patients, while 19 (10%) patients deceased/had missing follow-up (d/noFU). Comparable results were observed at 6 months (+/=: n = 82, 45%; -: n = 55, 30%; d/noFU: n = 45, 25%). In contrast, 54 (34%) and 33 (21%) out of 160 sorafenib patients achieved improvement/stabilization at 3 and 6 months, respectively. Radiological response was linked to CPS improvement/stabilization at 6 months (responders vs. non-responders, 73% vs. 50%; p = 0.007). CPS improvement/stabilization at 6 months was associated with better overall survival following landmark analysis (6 months: +/=: 28.4 [95% CI: 18.7-38.1] versus -: 14.2 [95% CI: 10.3-18.2] months; p < 0.001). Of 35 ICI-patients with CPS-B at BL, improvement/stabilization occurred in 16 (46%) patients, while 19 (54%) patients deteriorated/d/noFU at 3 months. Comparable results were observed at 6 months (CPS +/=: 14, 40%, -: 8, 23%). Importantly, 6/35 (17%) and 9/35 (26%) patients improved from CPS-B to CPS-A at 3 and 6 months.
conclusionRadiological response to ICI-treatment was associated with stabilization or improvement in liver function, which correlated with improved survival, even in patients with Child-Pugh class B at baseline.
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