ArticleBMC medicine2024
Five years of change in adult twins: longitudinal changes of genetic and environmental influence on epigenetic clocks.
Article in BMC medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Responsiveness of epigenetic aging biomarkers to longevity interventions in humans.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Epigenetic Aging and Cognitive Performance in General and Psychiatric Populations: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Review
- Association between cardiovascular health and epigenetic aging: a twin study.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Article
- Predicting susceptibility to inflammaging using a genetic inflammatory index through Prakriti-based phenotypic stratification.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Work-related stress and burnout: Is epigenetic aging the missing link?Clinical epigenetics · 2025Article
- Modulating biological aging with food-derived signals: a systems and precision nutrition perspective.npj aging · 2025Review
- Epigenetic Clocks Relate to 4 Age-related Health Outcomes Similarly Across 3 Countries.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2025Article
- Genetic and environmental contributions to epigenetic aging across adolescence and young adulthood.Clinical epigenetics · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundEpigenetic clocks were known as promising biomarkers of aging, including original clocks trained by individual CpG sites and principal component (PC) clocks trained by PCs of CpG sites. The effects of genetic and environmental factors on epigenetic clocks are still unclear, especially for PC clocks.
methodsWe constructed univariate twin models in 477 same-sex twin pairs from the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR) to estimate the heritability of five epigenetic clocks (GrimAge, PhenoAge, DunedinPACE, PCGrimAge, and PCPhenoAge). Besides, we investigated the longitudinal changes of genetic and environmental influences on epigenetic clocks across 5 years in 134 same-sex twin pairs.
resultsHeritability of epigenetic clocks ranged from 0.45 to 0.70, and those for PC clocks were higher than those for original clocks. For five epigenetic clocks, the longitudinal stability was moderate to high and was largely due to genetic effects. The genetic correlations between baseline and follow-up epigenetic clocks were moderate to high. Special unique environmental factors emerged both at baseline and at follow-up. PC clocks showed higher longitudinal stability and unique environmental correlations than original clocks.
conclusionsFor five epigenetic clocks, they have the potential to identify aging interventions. High longitudinal stability is mainly due to genetic factors, and changes of epigenetic clocks over time are primarily due to changes in unique environmental factors. Given the disparities in genetic and environmental factors as well as longitudinal stability between PC and original clocks, the results of studies with original clocks need to be further verified with PC clocks.
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