Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38986609›Full record

ArticleCell stem cell2024

Disruption of TGF-β signaling pathway is required to mediate effective killing of hepatocellular carcinoma by human iPSC-derived NK cells.

Jaya Lakshmi Thangaraj, Michael Coffey, Edith Lopez, Dan S Kaufman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell stem cell, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
60citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

60 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Cellular immunotherapy in melanoma: the next frontier in cancer treatment.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. TriCON: A Carbon-Based Triple-Modal Nanoplatform for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  15. Improving surgical treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jaya Lakshmi ThangarajDepartment of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Michael CoffeyDepartment of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Edith LopezDepartment of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Dan S KaufmanDepartment of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. Electronic address: dskaufman@ucsd.edu.

Funding

VIRAL MALIGNANCYP30CA023100 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI DIANE M SIMEONE · 1985 to 2026
$124.9M
A Rational Systematic Approach to Find Combinations of Pharmacologic and Immune Therapies that Target Identifiable Oncogenic StatesU01CA217885 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI COHEN, EZRA, KAUFMAN, DAN S. · 2017 to 2021
$5.1M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA023100NCI NIH HHS U01 CA217885
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is highly expressed in the liver tumor microenvironment and is known to inhibit immune cell activity. Here, we used human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to produce natural killer (NK) cells engineered to mediate improved anti-HCC activity. Specifically, we produced iPSC-NK cells with either knockout TGF-β receptor 2 (TGFBR2-KO) or expression of a dominant negative (DN) form of the TGF-β receptor 2 (TGFBR2-DN) combined with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that target either GPC3 or AFP. The TGFBR2-KO and TGFBR2-DN iPSC-NK cells are resistant to TGF-β inhibition and improved anti-HCC activity. However, expression of anti-HCC CARs on iPSC-NK cells did not lead to effective anti-HCC activity unless there was also inhibition of TGF-β activity. Our findings demonstrate that TGF-β signaling blockade is required for effective NK cell function against HCC and potentially other malignancies that express high levels of TGF-β.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, HepatocellularInduced Pluripotent Stem CellsKiller Cells, NaturalLiver NeoplasmsSignal TransductionTransforming Growth Factor betaAnimalsCell Line, TumorHumansMiceReceptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type IIReceptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type IITGFBR2 protein, humanTransforming Growth Factor betaAFPalpha-fetoprotein and CAR-NK cellsglypican 3GPC3hepatocellular carcinomaiPSC-NK cellsTGF-β signalingtumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID38986609
PMCPMC11380586

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.