Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38986567›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners2024

Severe mental illness as a risk factor for recorded diagnosis of osteoporosis and fragility fractures in people aged ≥50 years: retrospective cohort study using UK primary care data.

Christina Avgerinou, Kate Walters, Juan Carlos Bazo-Alvarez, David Osborn, Robert Michael West, Andrew Clegg, Irene Petersen

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Article in The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Mental disorders and osteoporosis treatment in patients with hip fracture-a Danish population-based cohort study.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. The association of loneliness with bone mineral density, osteoporosis, osteopenia, fall, and sarcopenia among older adults: results from Mr. and Ms. Os (Hong Kong) study.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025
    Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Christina AvgerinouDepartment of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London.ORCID 0000-0002-1445-1676
Kate WaltersDepartment of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London.ORCID 0000-0003-2173-2430
Juan Carlos Bazo-AlvarezDepartment of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London.ORCID 0000-0002-6169-8049
David OsbornDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, London; Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London.ORCID 0000-0003-2519-1539
Robert Michael WestLeeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds.ORCID 0000-0001-7305-3654
Andrew CleggAcademic Unit for Ageing and Stroke Research, University of Leeds, Leeds.ORCID 0000-0001-5972-1097
Irene PetersenDepartment of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London.ORCID 0000-0002-0037-7524

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSevere mental illness (SMI) has been associated with reduced bone density and increased risk of fractures, although some studies have shown inconsistent results.

aimTo examine the association between SMI and recorded diagnosis of osteoporosis and fragility fracture in people aged ≥50 years. DESIGN AND

settingPopulation-based cohort study set in UK primary care.

methodAnonymised primary care data (IQVIA Medical Research Database) were used. Patients with a diagnosis of SMI aged 50-99 years (2000-2018) were matched to individuals without SMI. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Analyses were stratified by sex and age, accounting for social deprivation, year, smoking, alcohol, and body mass index.

resultsIn total, 444 480 people were included (SMI

conclusionSMI is associated with an increased likelihood of fragility fractures and osteoporosis underdiagnosis. Interventions should be considered to mitigate the increased risk of fractures in people with SMI.

Indexed as

Mental DisordersOsteoporosisOsteoporotic FracturesPrimary Health CareAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsUnited Kingdombone densityelectronic health recordsfragility fractureosteoporosisprimary health caresevere mental illness

Identifiers

PMID38986567
PMCPMC11497150

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.