ReviewImmunity2024
Human determinants of age-dependent patterns of death from infection.
Review in Immunity, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prognostic factors for mortality in patients infected with New World hantaviruses: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2026Pooled it
- Review
- Immune aging biomarkers for clinical trials.Nature medicine · 2026Review
- Immune development in early life.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- ASP-COMPLEX: redefining antimicrobial stewardship to improve outcomes in high-risk patients with severe infections.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2026Review
- Toward a monogenic architecture of human infections: From 1996 to 2026.Journal of human immunity · 2026Review
- Burden of diarrhoeal diseases among hospitalised patients in Thailand: a retrospective national database analysis (2014-2022).The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2026Article
- Auto-Abs against type I IFNs: Strong, common, and global determinants of severe arboviral diseases.Journal of human immunity · 2026Review
- Sex, age, and seasonal distribution characteristics of bacterial and fungal infections.PloS one · 2026Article
- The seven enigmas of SARS-CoV-2: from the past to the future.Journal of human immunity · 2025Article
- Age is an intrinsic driver of inflammatory responses to malaria.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Short and long term suppression of host populations by novel pathogens.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Human genetics of Whipple's disease.Current opinion in rheumatology · 2025Review
- Age-Related Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Lymph Node Stromal Cells Limit the Peripheral T Cell Homeostatic Maintenance and Function.Aging cell · 2025Article
- Sustained immune youth risks autoimmune disease in the aging host.Nature aging · 2025Review
- Genetic diversity of the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus in cohorts of patients affected with SARS-CoV-2.Human genomics · 2025Article
- Tissue-resident skeletal muscle macrophages promote recovery from viral pneumonia-induced sarcopenia in normal aging.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Single-cell RNA-sequencing highlights a curtailed NK cell function in convalescent COVID-19 pregnant women.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- The Microbe, the Infection Enigma, and the Host.Annual review of microbiology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Regardless of microbial virulence (i.e., the global infection-fatality ratio), age generally drives the prevalence of death from infection in unvaccinated humans. Four mortality patterns are recognized: the common U- and L-shaped curves of endemic infections and the unique W- and J-shaped curves of pandemic infections. We suggest that these patterns result from different sets of human genetic and immunological determinants. In this model, it is the interplay between (1) monogenic genotypes affecting immunity to primary infection that preferentially manifest early in life and related genotypes or their phenocopies, including auto-antibodies, which manifest later in life and (2) the occurrence and persistence of adaptive, acquired immunity to primary or cross-reactive infections, which shapes the age-dependent pattern of human deaths from infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.