ArticleCancer epidemiology2024
Incidence and survival of pediatric and adult hepatocellular carcinoma, United States, 2001-2020.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Bibliometric Analysis of Gut Microbiota and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Research Trends and Frontiers.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2026Article
- Article
- Identification of the key gene for hepatocellular carcinoma based on bioinformatics and machine learning and experimental verification.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- SIRT1 Modulates the Photodynamic Anticancer Activity of 5,10,15-Triethoxycarbonyl P(V) Corrole in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Differential Colorectal Cancer Mortality Across Racial and Ethnic Groups: Impact of Socioeconomic Status, Clinicopathology, and Treatment-Related Factors.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Pediatric Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Review of Predisposing Conditions, Molecular Mechanisms, and Clinical Considerations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Case Report: A neoantigen-targeting peptide vaccine combined with checkpoint inhibition induces tumor regression and long-term remission in a pediatric patient with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Evolving Global Etiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): Insights and Trends for 2024.Journal of clinical and experimental hepatologyReview
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Abstract
backgroundHepatocellular carcinoma accounts for approximately 80 % of liver neoplasms. Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma ranks as the third most lethal cancer, with the number of deaths expected to further increase by 2040. In adults, disparities in incidence and survival are well described while pediatric epidemiology is not well characterized. We describe incidence and survival for pediatric (ages 0-19 years) hepatocellular carcinoma cases and compare these measures to adults (ages ≥ 20 years) diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma.
methodsWe assessed incidence data from the US Cancer Statistics database during 2003-2020 and 5-year survival from the National Program of Cancer Registries during 2001-2019. Incidence trends were determined by annual percent change (APC) and average APC (AAPC) using joinpoint regression. Five-year survival was evaluated by relative survival, and all-cause survival was estimated using multivariate Cox modeling. Corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for all analyses.
resultsIncidence rate per 100,000 persons was 0.056 (95 %CI:0.052-0.060) for pediatric cases and 7.793 (7.767-7.819) for adults. Incidence was stable in the pediatric population (0.3 AAPC, - 1.1 to 1.7). In contrast, after periods of increase, incidence declined in adults after 2015 (-1.5 APC). Relative survival increased over time for both pediatric and adult ages and was higher for children and adolescents (46.4 %, 95 %CI:42.4-50.3) than adults (20.7 %, 95 %CI:20.5-20.9). Regression modeling showed that non-Hispanic Black race and ethnicity was associated with higher risk of death in children and adolescents (1.48, 95 %CI:1.07-2.05) and adults (1.11, 95 %CI:1.09-1.12) compared to non-Hispanic white race and ethnicity.
conclusionsBetween 2003 and 2020 in the United States, pediatric incidence was stable while incidence in adults began to decline after 2015. Survival was higher across all stages for children and adolescents compared to adults. Non-Hispanic Black race and ethnicity showed a higher risk of death for both age groups. Further studies could explore the factors that influence these outcome disparities.
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