SynthesisJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2024
The Effect of Real-Time Medication Monitoring-Based Digital Adherence Tools on Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy and Viral Suppression in People Living With HIV: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effectiveness of Digital Health Interventions for Improving Antiretroviral Therapy Outcomes in People With HIV: Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- The Acceptability of a Real-Time Medication Monitoring-Based Digital Adherence Tool Among Young People Living with HIV in Malawi.AIDS and behavior · 2026Trial
- Longitudinal adherence trajectories measured by electronic dose monitoring and viral non-suppression in a South African HIV cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Effects of an Internet of Things-Based Medication Assistance System on Real-World ART Adherence and Treatment Response in People Living with HIV.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Developing Mobile Apps to Support Clinical Management of HIV Patients: An Observational Study.Applied clinical informatics · 2025Observational
- The Effectiveness of Antiretroviral Therapy in Mitigating New HIV Infections in Southwest China: An Ecological Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- [Incidence and determinants of viral load rebound in people receiving multi-month dispensing of antiretroviral therapy at the Regional Annex Hospital of Dschang from 2018-2023].The Pan African medical journal · 2024Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundUniversal antiretroviral therapy (ART) has led to improved treatment outcomes in persons living with HIV. Adherence to ART is required to achieve viral suppression. Real-time medication monitoring (RTMM)-based digital adherence tools (DATs) could be effective in improving ART adherence and viral suppression in persons living with HIV.
objectivesThe primary and secondary objectives of this review were to assess the effect of RTMM-based DATs on improving ART adherence and viral load suppression.
methodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Global Health for publications published through October 11, 2022. Narrative synthesis and random effects meta-analyses were conducted to synthesize the results.
resultsOf 638 papers identified, 8 were included. Six studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and 2 were cohort studies. Two studies, an RCT in China (mean adherence: 96.2% vs 89.1%) and a crossover cohort study in Uganda (mean adherence: 84% vs 93%), demonstrated improved ART adherence. No studies demonstrated improved viral suppression. In the meta-analyses, we estimated that RTMM-based digital adherence tools had a statistically insignificant small positive effect on ART adherence and viral suppression with a standardized mean difference of 0.1922 [95% CI: -0.0268 to 0.4112, P-value: 0.0854] and viral suppression with an odds ratio of 1.3148 [95% CI: 0.9199 to 1.8791, P-value: 0.1331].
conclusionsOur meta-analyses found that RTMM-based DATs did not have a significant effect on ART adherence and viral suppression. However, due to few published studies available, heterogeneity of target populations, intervention designs, and adherence measurement instruments, more data are required to provide conclusive evidence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.