ArticleWorld journal of methodology2024
Association between tobacco exposure and bladder cancer recurrence: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in World journal of methodology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Recurrence and prevention strategies for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A comprehensive review.Asian journal of urology · 2026Review
- Smoking promotes the progression of bladder cancer through FOXM1/CKAP2L axis.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of lifestyle factors on recurrence rates in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: A case-control study.Bioinformation · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHowever, the connection between smoking and the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer remains unclear.
aimTo determine whether smoking is linked to the recurrence and progression of bladder cancer.
methodsAs of July 20, 2022, relevant English-language research was identified by searching PubMed, the Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. We pooled the available data from the included studies using a random effects model. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were also conducted.
resultsA total of 12 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The combined analysis revealed that tobacco exposure was associated with a significantly greater recurrence rate than nonsmoking status [odd ratios (OR) = 1.76, 95%CI: 1.84-2.93], and the progression of bladder cancer was significantly greater in smokers than in nonsmokers (OR = 1.21, 95%CI: 1.02-1.44). Stratified analysis further revealed that current smokers were more likely to experience relapse than never-smokers were (OR = 1.85, 95%CI: 1.11-3.07). Former smokers also had a greater risk of relapse than did never-smokers (OR = 1.73, 95%CI: 1.09-2.73). Subgroup analysis indicated that non-Caucasians may be more susceptible to bladder cancer recurrence than Caucasians are (OR = 2.13, 95%CI: 1.74-2.61).
conclusionThis meta-analysis revealed that tobacco exposure may be a significant risk factor for both the recurrence and progression of bladder cancer.
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