Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38982426›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2024

A scoping review of the links between early childhood caries and clean water and sanitation: the Sustainable Development Goal 6.

Yasmi O Crystal, Yuanyuan Laura Luo, Duangporn Duangthip, Maha El Tantawi, Habib Benzian, Robert J Schroth, Carlos Alberto Feldens, Jorma I Virtanen, Ola B Al-Batayneh, Aida Carolina Medina Diaz and 8 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readScoping Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06984744 (Effect of an Active Compound Containing Gum on Dental Plaque Formation on a 4-day Accumulation Model), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06984744 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Effect of an Active Compound Containing Gum on Dental Plaque Formation on a 4-day Accumulation Model

TypeinterventionalSponsorLactea Therapeutics, LLCRan2025 to 2026Enrolled32ConditionsDental Plaque AccumulationArmsMIIP-E2 containing gum, placebo gum without MIIP-E2
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Yasmi O CrystalEarly Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada. yoc1@nyu.edu.
Yuanyuan Laura LuoDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, New York University, 234 24th Street, New York, NY, 10010, USA.
Duangporn DuangthipEarly Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
Maha El TantawiEarly Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
Habib BenzianDepartment of Epidemiology & Health Promotion and WHO Collaborating Center Quality Improvement & Evidence-Based Dentistry, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Robert J SchrothEarly Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
Carlos Alberto FeldensEarly Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
Jorma I VirtanenEarly Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
Ola B Al-BataynehEarly Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
Aida Carolina Medina DiazEarly Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
Ana VukovicEarly Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
Verica PavlicEarly Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
Tshepiso MfoloEarly Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
Hamideh A DaryanavardEarly Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
Balgis O GaffarEarly Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
Anas ShamalaEarly Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
Morẹ́nikẹ́ Oluwátóyìn FoláyanEarly Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group (ECCAG)

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe United Nation's Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 calls for universal access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), which are crucial elements of health and well-being and fundamental for a life in dignity. Early childhood caries (ECC) is a preventable disease affecting health and quality of life of millions of young children worldwide. This scoping review aims to explore the connection between ECC and access to clean water and sanitation.

methodsThis scoping review, registered on the Open Science Framework and following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, conducted a thorough search in databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar, SciELO) and websites (via Google) in November 2023. The search, without date limitations, targeted studies in English and Spanish linking ECC to SDG6. Exclusions were made for studies solely focusing on ECC without a direct connection to clean water and sanitation. Descriptive statistics summarized the retrieved papers.

resultsThe initial search yielded 303 articles. After removing duplicates, 264 articles remained for title and abstract screening after which 244 were excluded and one report was added through citation searching. The 21 remaining articles underwent full text review. There were no studies on a direct association between access to clean water and sanitation and the prevalence of ECC. There were nine studies that showed indirect associations between ECC and access to clean water and sanitation through the links of: water and sanitation access as a marker for poverty (n = 1), water consumption as a feeding practice (n = 4), and the effectiveness of water fluoridation (n = 4). These were used to develop a conceptual model.

conclusionsWhile it is conceivable that a direct link exists between ECC and access to clean water and sanitation, the available body of research only offers evidence of indirect associations. The exploration of potential pathways connecting water access to ECC warrants further investigation in future research.

Indexed as

Dental CariesSanitationSustainable DevelopmentChild, PreschoolHumansWater SupplyClean water and sanitationEarly Childhood CariesFeeding practicesPovertySustainable Development Goal 6Water fluoridation

Identifiers

PMID38982426
PMCPMC11234638

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.