Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38982196›Full record

ArticleNature chemistry2024

Fast and facile synthesis of amidine-incorporated degradable lipids for versatile mRNA delivery in vivo.

Xuexiang Han, Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh, Ningqiang Gong, Lulu Xue, Majed Ghattas, Goutham Bojja, Junchao Xu, Gan Zhao, Claude C Warzecha, Marshall S Padilla and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature chemistry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Bioactive lipid-derived nanoparticles for RNA delivery.Materials today (Kidlington, England) · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. The RNA delivery dilemma-lipid versus polymer nanoparticle platforms.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Boosting ribosomal translationBioactive materials · 2026
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. High-Throughput Strategies for Streamlining Lipid Nanoparticle Development Pipeline.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  19. Recent Advances and Future Prospects in Biological-Membrane-Targeted Polymers.Polymer science & technology (Washington, D.C.) · 2025
    Review
  20. Circular RNA lipid nanoparticle vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Xuexiang Han *Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0011-5222
Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh *Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Ningqiang Gong *Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9444-8505
Lulu Xue *Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5719-1336
Majed GhattasDepartment of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9651-5014
Goutham BojjaDepartment of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Junchao XuDepartment of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0725-8111
Gan ZhaoDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8043-6036
Claude C WarzechaGene Therapy Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3659-2867
Marshall S PadillaDepartment of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3607-790X
Rakan El-MaytaDepartment of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5855-233X
Garima DwivediDepartment of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Ying XuDepartment of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7341-8676
Andrew E VaughanDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5740-643X
James M WilsonGene Therapy Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9630-3131
Drew WeissmanDepartment of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. dreww@upenn.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-1501-6510
Michael J MitchellDepartment of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mjmitch@seas.upenn.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-3628-2244

Funding

A data-driven drug delivery (4D) platform for probing and treating the chemoresistant bone marrow microenvironmentDP2TR002776 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI MITCHELL, MICHAEL J · 2018 to 2018
$2.4M
NCATS NIH HHS DP2 TR002776
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are widely used for mRNA delivery, with cationic lipids greatly affecting biodistribution, cellular uptake, endosomal escape and transfection efficiency. However, the laborious synthesis of cationic lipids limits the discovery of efficacious candidates and slows down scale-up manufacturing. Here we develop a one-pot, tandem multi-component reaction based on the rationally designed amine-thiol-acrylate conjugation, which enables fast (1 h) and facile room-temperature synthesis of amidine-incorporated degradable (AID) lipids. Structure-activity relationship analysis of a combinatorial library of 100 chemically diverse AID-lipids leads to the identification of a tail-like amine-ring-alkyl aniline that generally affords efficacious lipids. Experimental and theoretical studies show that the embedded bulky benzene ring can enhance endosomal escape and mRNA delivery by enabling the lipid to adopt a more conical shape. The lead AID-lipid can not only mediate local delivery of mRNA vaccines and systemic delivery of mRNA therapeutics, but can also alter the tropism of liver-tropic LNPs to selectively deliver gene editors to the lung and mRNA vaccines to the spleen.

Indexed as

AmidinesLipidsRNA, MessengerAnimalsGene Transfer TechniquesHumansLiposomesMiceNanoparticlesStructure-Activity RelationshipAmidinesLipid NanoparticlesLipidsLiposomesRNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID38982196
PMCPMC11446653

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.