Trial reportJournal of the American Heart Association2024
Anemia From Inflammation After Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Relationships With Outcome.
Trial report in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01662895 (Futility Study of Deferoxamine in Intracerebral Hemorrhage), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Futility Study of Deferoxamine in Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Red blood cell transfusion in neurocritical patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Pooled it
- Hemoglobin and Perihematomal Edema After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Post Hoc Analysis of the i-DEF Trial.Neurocritical care · 2026Trial
- Risk Factors and Outcomes Associated with Atrial Fibrillation Detected after Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- Association Between Hemoglobin Levels and Hemorrhagic Stroke Severity and In-Hospital Outcomes: A Multi-Centre Cross-Sectional Study on Recovery and Prognosis in Pakistan.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Microglia‑mediated neuroinflammation in intracerebral hemorrhage: Pathological mechanisms and implications for therapeutic development (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Circulating NETosis biomarkers predict severity, 12-month functional outcome, and survival after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Admission anemia and 90-day outcomes after supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage: a township-level cohort study.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Review
- Association between the systemic immune-inflammation index and anemia among US children: national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES), 2001-2018.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Hemoglobin Decrements are Associated with Ischemic Brain Lesions and Poor Outcomes in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2025Article
- Observational
- Low perioperative hemoglobin as an independent detrimental predictor of functional outcome after basal ganglia hemorrhage: development and validation of a composite prognostic model.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Low hemoglobin causes hematoma expansion and poor intracerebral hemorrhage outcomes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Review
- Remote diffusion-weighted imaging lesions in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: research progress and new perspectives.Frontiers in neurologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBaseline anemia is associated with poor intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) outcomes. However, underlying drivers for anemia and whether anemia development after ICH impacts clinical outcomes are unknown. We hypothesized that inflammation drives anemia development after ICH and assessed their relationship to outcomes. METHODS AND
resultsPatients with serial hemoglobin and iron biomarker concentrations from the HIDEF (High-Dose Deferoxamine in Intracerebral Hemorrhage) trial were analyzed. Adjusted linear mixed models assessed laboratory changes over time. Of 42 patients, significant decrements in hemoglobin occurred with anemia increasing from 19% to 45% by day 5. Anemia of inflammation iron biomarker criteria was met in 88%. A separate cohort of 521 patients with ICH with more granular serial hemoglobin and long-term neurological outcome data was also investigated. Separate regression models assessed whether (1) systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) scores related to hemoglobin changes over time and (2) hemoglobin changes related to poor 90-day outcome. In this cohort, anemia prevalence increased from 30% to 71% within 2 days of admission yet persisted beyond this time. Elevated systemic inflammatory response syndrome was associated with greater hemoglobin decrements over time (adjusted parameter estimate: -0.27 [95% CI, -0.37 to -0.17]) and greater hemoglobin decrements were associated with poor outcomes (adjusted odds ratio per 1 g/dL increase, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.62-0.93]) independent to inflammation and ICH severity.
conclusionsWe identified novel findings that acute anemia development after ICH is common, rapid, and related to inflammation. Because anemia development is associated with poor outcomes, further work is required to clarify if anemia, or its underlying drivers, are modifiable treatment targets that can improve ICH outcomes. REGISTRATION: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov Unique identifier: NCT01662895.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.