ArticleFrontiers in immunology2024
Cathepsin S (CTSS) in IgA nephropathy: an exploratory study on its role as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Human biomarker navigator.iMeta · 2026Review
- Cathepsins in prostate cancer: multifunctional regulators in tumor progression and therapeutic prospects-a narrative review.Translational andrology and urology · 2026Review
- The causal relationship between cathepsins and ankylosing spondylitis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2026Article
- Proteomic insights into aprotinin's immunomodulatory effects in attenuating renal fibrosis in a unilateral ureteral obstruction model.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Obesity and cathepsin S in periodontal health and disease: A prospective clinical observational study.Acta odontologica Scandinavica · 2025Observational
- Phthalate exposure is associated with increased CVD risk in CKD: evidence from NHANES and network toxicology analysis.Renal failure · 2025Article
- Immunomodulatory Functions of Intercalated Cells in Kidney Autoimmunity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: IgA nephropathy (IgAN), a prevalent form of glomerulonephritis globally, exhibits complex pathogenesis. Cathepsins, cysteine proteases within lysosomes, are implicated in various physiological and pathological processes, including renal conditions. Prior observational studies have suggested a potential link between cathepsins and IgAN, yet the precise causal relationship remains unclear. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive bidirectional and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) study using publicly available genetic data to explore the causal association between cathepsins and IgAN systematically. Additionally, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were employed to evaluate cathepsin expression levels in renal tissues and serum of IgAN patients. We investigated the underlying mechanisms via gene set variation analysis (GSVA), gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and immune cell infiltration analysis. Molecular docking and virtual screening were also performed to identify potential drug candidates through drug repositioning. Results: Univariate MR analyses demonstrated a significant link between increased cathepsin S (CTSS) levels and a heightened risk of IgAN. This was evidenced by an odds ratio (OR) of 1.041 (95% CI=1.009-1.073, Conclusion: Elevated CTSS levels are associated with an increased risk of IgAN, and this enzyme is notably overexpressed in IgAN patients' serum and renal tissues. CTSS could potentially act as a diagnostic biomarker, providing new avenues for diagnosing and treating IgAN.
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