ReviewBiomaterial investigations in dentistry2023
The influence of pre-heating the restoration and luting agent on the flexural strength of indirect ceramic and composite restorations.
Review in Biomaterial investigations in dentistry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Bond strength of flowable dental composites in the cementation of indirect restorations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Evidence-based dentistry · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of an Air Stream Directed Across the Tooth on the Degree of Conversion and Temperature of Preheated Bulk-Fill Resin-Based Composites.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Functional Adhesives for a Restorative Future.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Review
- Preheated Composite for Prosthetic Cementation to Enamel and Dentin: A Scoping Review.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Polymerization of a resin composite luting agent: effects of temperature, preheating duration, and light-curing duration.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- Modern Light-Cured Restorative Composites as Luting Agents: The Effect of Preheating on Conversion and Film Thickness.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effect of Different Luting Methods on the Microtensile Bond Strength of CAD/CAM Resin Blocks.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Finite element analysis (FEA) of the stress behavior of some dental materials.Journal of medicine and life · 2025Article
- Do preheated composite resins provide better cementation results for indirect restorations? A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: This study investigated the impact of luting procedure and restoration thicknesses on the flexural strength of CAD/CAM restorations. Traditional luting agents have been questioned in favor of pre-heated resin composites or flowable composites. Materials and Methods: 400 disc-shaped restorations (lithium disilicate [IPS e.max CAD] or resin composite [Tetric CAD, Ivoclar]) were cemented onto dentin analog discs using different procedures (n = 20): dual-curing resin cement (Panavia V5), light-curing resin cement (Panavia Veneer LC), pre-heated resin composite (Clearfil™ AP-X) with or without pre-heated restoration, and high-filled flowable composite (Clearfil Majesty™ Flow). The biaxial flexural strength was calculated. Results: There were significant effects of material, thickness, and luting procedure on flexural strength (p < 0.001). Resin composite specimens exhibited lower flexural strength (90 MPa) compared to lithium disilicate specimens (571 MPa), with thicker restorations (338 MPa) being stronger than thinner ones (323 MPa). Light-curing cement showed the highest strength (408.8 MPa) Conclusion: Luting procedures impact the flexural strength of CAD/CAM lithium disilicate and resin composite restorations. Pre-heated resin composite, with or without pre-heated restoration, can replace dual-curing cement. Nevertheless, light-curing cement is superior for resin composite and 1.5 mm lithium disilicate restorations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.